{"id":966,"date":"2023-08-10T10:29:32","date_gmt":"2023-08-10T10:29:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/?p=966"},"modified":"2023-08-10T12:48:10","modified_gmt":"2023-08-10T12:48:10","slug":"li-rojhilata-navin-seren-moderniteye-u-encamen-muhtemel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/?p=966","title":{"rendered":"LI ROJHILATA NAV\u00ceN \u015eER\u00caN MODERN\u00ceTEY\u00ca \u00db ENCAM\u00caN MUHTEMEL"},"content":{"rendered":"

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ABDULLAH\u00a0 OCALAN<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

LI ROJHILATA NAV\u00ceN \u015eER\u00caN MODERN\u00ceTEY\u00ca \u00db ENCAM\u00caN MUHTEMEL<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Div\u00ea mirov li \u015fer\u00ean dused sal\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean li Rojhilata Nav\u00een rast serwext bibe. Beriya her ti\u015ft\u00ee div\u00ea mirov ji b\u00eer neke ku \u015fer\u00ea diqewime di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya hegemonya \u015faristaniy\u00ea de n\u00een e, di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya \u00e7and\u00ee de ye. \u015eer\u00ea daw\u00ee y\u00ea hegemonya \u015faristaniy\u00ea bi Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea re ango bi Rojava re pi\u015ft\u00ee Qan\u00fbn\u00ee Siltan Sil\u00eaman ketiye p\u00eavajoyek\u00ea di dawiy\u00ea de bi dil\u00ea Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea bi encam dibe. P\u00eavajoya heta sedsala 19. hegemonya s\u00eestema \u015faristaniya navend\u00ee li gor\u00ee kap\u00eetal\u00eezma Ewr\u00fbpaya Rojava bi encam b\u00fb. Hegemonya welat\u00ean Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea bi sedsala 19. re bi awayek\u00ee fiz\u00eek\u00ee bar kirin her\u00eam\u00ea \u00fb li hember\u00ee wan h\u00eaz\u00ean li ber hegemonya desthilatdariy\u00ea rabin tine b\u00fbn, h\u00eaz\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean nedixwestin \u00e7anda modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest qeb\u00fbl bikin heb\u00fbn. \u00cemparatoriy\u00ean Osman\u00ee \u00fb \u00ceran\u00ea weke hegemonyay\u00ean desthilatdariy\u00ea, ji wan nedihat bi welat\u00ean Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea re \u015fer bikin. Hewl didan li ser piyan bim\u00eenin. Ev j\u00ee bi hesab\u00ean erzan \u00ean tewazun\u00ean desthilatdariy\u00ea dikirin. L\u00ea \u00e7anda civak\u00ee, bi awayek\u00ee ji gelek her\u00eam\u00ean m\u00eatingeh \u00ean li dinyay\u00ea cudatir, li \u015f\u00fbna \u00e7anda modern a Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea yekser qeb\u00fbl bike, bi giran\u00ee li ber xwe dida. Ji ber v\u00ea h\u00eaza \u00e7and\u00ee b\u00fb ku her\u00eam bi temam\u00ee nedib\u00fb m\u00eatingeh. Nexasim \u00ceslamiyet weke \u00e7anda serdest a ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea, di v\u00ea dem\u00ea de dib\u00fb kirdara \u00e7alak a berxwedan\u00ea. Li vir nuqteya div\u00ea mirov ba\u015f ji hev derxe ew e, \u00ceslama li ber xwe dide, ne \u00ceslama dewletpar\u00eaz \u00fb desthilatgir e, \u00ceslama \u00e7anda civak\u00ee ye. Tevger\u00ean \u00ceslam\u00ee y\u00ean siyas\u00ee heb\u00fbn, l\u00ea di berd\u00eala berjewendiy\u00ean diyar de bi h\u00easan\u00ee xwe n\u00eaz\u00ee hevkartiy\u00ea dikirin. \u00ceslama tim\u00ee li ber xwe da \u00fb weke \u015f\u00eepeke har herik\u00ee, \u00ceslama r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ee ya civak\u00ee b\u00fb. Ji ber v\u00ea, gelek\u00ee gir\u00eeng e ku mirov \u00ceslama desthilatgir a ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ya ji sedsala 19. ve li ser nav\u00ea \u00ceslam\u00ea heta roja me ya \u00eero hat me\u015fandin \u00fb \u00ceslama civakpar\u00eaz a ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ji hev derxe. Pirsa div\u00ea were kirin ev e, gelo \u015fer\u00ea di navbera \u00ceslama \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest de \u015ferek\u00ee bi \u00e7i away\u00ee ye. Li gor\u00ee ku li naverast\u00ea \u015fer\u00ea desthilatdariy\u00ea y\u00ea du h\u00eaz\u00ean hegemon\u00eek tine ye, \u015fer di navbera \u00e7anda modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00fb \u00e7anda \u00ceslam\u00ee ya ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea de ye. B\u00eahtir \u015ferek\u00ee modern\u00eeteyan di war\u00ea civak\u00ee de heye. Dema li Rojhilata Nav\u00een mesele \u00e7and be, div\u00ea mirov w\u00ea bi ten\u00ea bi \u00ceslam\u00ea bi s\u00eenor neke. P\u00eaw\u00eest e ku mirov bi d\u00een\u00ean din \u00ean Brah\u00eem\u00ee ango bi Cih\u00fbt\u00ee \u00fb Xiristiyantiy\u00ea j\u00ee temam bike, heta derd\u00een an li dervey\u00ee d\u00een\u00ean yekxweday\u00ee bandor\u00ean d\u00een\u00ee y\u00ean \u015eaman-Pagan \u00fb la\u00eek \u00ean bi maske heb\u00fbna xwe dewam dikin tevl\u00ee v\u00ea bike \u00fb bi awayek\u00ee yekpare binirx\u00eene. Qada ku \u00e7anda bingeh\u00een a mirovatiya hemdem p\u00eak aniye erdn\u00eegariya Rojhilata Nav\u00een e. Eger em \u00e7anda mirov a Homo Sapiens j\u00ee li v\u00ea z\u00eade bikin, mirov dikare texm\u00een bike ku ji serdem\u00ean beriya d\u00eerok\u00ea \u00fb heta bi sedsala 19. bi qas\u00ee s\u00eased hezar sal\u00ee her tim her\u00eama \u00e7anda bingeh\u00een a mirovat\u00ee p\u00ea rab\u00fbye ev her\u00eam e. Ya rast\u00ee, \u00e7anda modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest, \u00e7anda hegemon\u00eek a dused sal\u00ean dawiy\u00ea ye. Div\u00ea mirov ne li bend\u00ea be ku \u00e7andeke di dused sal\u00ean dawiy\u00ea de b\u00fbye navend, di demeke kin de \u00e7andeke s\u00eased hezar sal\u00ee as\u00eem\u00eele bike. Berevaj\u00ee div\u00ea mirov li bend\u00ea be ku \u015fer\u00ea \u00e7and\u00ee w\u00ea demeke dir\u00eaj dewam bike \u00fb \u00e7anda xwecih\u00ee ya her\u00eam\u00ea bi h\u00easan\u00ee w\u00ea tesl\u00eem nebe, heta w\u00ea xwe li \u015fer\u00ea hegemon\u00eek \u00ea \u00e7and\u00ee raki\u015f\u00eene. Lewma \u015fer\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee y\u00ean roja me ya \u00eero gelek\u00ee z\u00eade b\u00fbne, mirov dikare weke dema \u015fer\u00ean hegemon\u00eek \u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee y\u00ean modern\u00eetey\u00ea \u015f\u00eerove bike. Ji ber v\u00ea, gelek\u00ee gir\u00eeng e ku mirov \u015fer\u00ean li asta jor bi qada desthilatdariy\u00ea t\u00eane p\u00eanasekirin bi awayek\u00ee cuda \u015f\u00eerove bike. Lewma mirov rabe ji v\u00ee al\u00ee ve \u015fer\u00ean li Rojhilata Nav\u00een di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke teng de bi parad\u00eegmaya \u015fer\u00ea netewey\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7\u00een\u00ee y\u00ea Rojavay\u00ee \u00fb bi \u015fer\u00ean desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ea y\u00ean \u00ceslama nerm a siyas\u00ee binirx\u00eene, t\u00ear\u00ea nake. B\u00eaguman ev aliy\u00ean \u015fer hene. \u015eer\u00ean di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de b\u00eahtir qad\u00ean desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ea eleqedar dikin. L\u00ea reng\u00ea \u015feran \u00ea ji van aliy\u00ean desthilatdariy\u00ea hem\u00fbyan dibihure heye \u00fb ev reng\u00ea \u015fer gir\u00eeng e. Jixwe \u015fer\u00ean di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ea de \u00e7iqas\u00ee berfireh bin \u00fb \u00e7iqas\u00ee demdir\u00eaj bin, xwed\u00ee w\u00ea h\u00eaz\u00ea n\u00een in ku derkevin dervey\u00ee desthilatdariya hegemon\u00eek. Li beramber\u00ee v\u00ea, karekter\u00ea \u015fer\u00ea di asta modern\u00eetey\u00ea de cuda ye \u00fb xwediy\u00ea w\u00ee wesf\u00ee ye ku ji modern\u00eeteya serdest dibihure.<\/p>\n

1- Li Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00c7aren\u00fbsa Modern\u00eeteya Kap\u00eetal\u00eest<\/strong><\/p>\n

Li gor\u00ee gotina p\u00ea\u015fiyan a \u201cHer g\u00eeha li ser koka xwe h\u00ea\u015f\u00een dibe\u201d \u00e7aren\u00fbsa modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ku s\u00eestema daw\u00ee ya \u015faristaniya navend\u00ee ye, tev\u00ee fikaran hem\u00fbyan, \u00eeht\u00eemaleke xurt e ku \u015fer\u00ean li Rojhilata Nav\u00een diyar bike. Tev\u00ee ku di roja me ya \u00eero de modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest serdest e j\u00ee kap\u00eetal\u00eezm bi esl\u00ea xwe di d\u00eeroka mirovatiy\u00ea de tim\u00ee marj\u00eenal maye \u00fb weke jir\u00eaderketin\u00ea hatiye d\u00eetin. Li dij\u00ee xeta sereke ya mirovatiy\u00ea ye. Ji diyalekt\u00eeka gerd\u00fbn\u00ee ya xwezay\u00ea re j\u00ee \u00e7ep dikeve, j\u00ea vediqete yan j\u00ee dijber e. Mezinb\u00fbna kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea di sedsala 16. de \u00fb avakirina w\u00ea ya hegemonya global hinek\u00ee j\u00ee di\u015fibe \u2018\u00c7\u00eeroka \u00c7il Heramiyan\u2019. Cografya Rojavay\u00ea Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ean kom\u00ean li wir gelek\u00ee ji \u00e7em\u00ea sereke y\u00ea \u015faristaniy\u00ea veqatiyab\u00fbn, \u015fer\u00ean mezheb\u00ee y\u00ean c\u00eehana \u00ceslamiyet \u00fb Xiristiyantiy\u00ea, \u00eari\u015f\u00ean hilwe\u015f\u00eener \u00ean m\u00eena Moxolan \u00fb c\u00eehan\u00ean sergirt\u00ee y\u00ean xanedaniy\u00ean li \u00c7\u00een\u00ea dewam dikirin neb\u00fbna, kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea li Ewr\u00fbpaya Rojava nikar\u00eeb\u00fb firsend bid\u00eeta \u00fb gav biav\u00eata hegemonyay\u00ea. Div\u00ea mirov ji b\u00eer neke ku ev gavav\u00eatina hegemon\u00eek li ser xeteke m\u00eena Amsterdam-London\u00ea li seriy\u00ea her\u00ee rojava y\u00ea ku l\u00ea s\u00ea cografyay\u00ean mezin digih\u00eejin hev, li giravokek\u00ea (Girava Br\u00eetanyay\u00ea) kes\u00ee nedipa p\u00eak hat. El\u00eeteke sermaye \u00fb desthilatdariy\u00ea ya pi\u00e7\u00fbk ku m\u00eena mi\u015fext\u00ee girav\u00ea hatibe kirin, ji bo ji aliy\u00ea \u00eemparatoriy\u00ean li parzem\u00eena xwe ney\u00ean daqurtandin, ket nava \u015ferek\u00ee man\u00fbneman\u00ea \u00fb di v\u00ee \u015fer\u00ee de bi ser ket. V\u00ea el\u00eet\u00ea di v\u00ee \u015fer\u00ee de s\u00ea s\u00eeleh\u00ean mezin \u00ean hatib\u00fbn n\u00fbkirin, p\u00eak an\u00een. Ji sedsala 16. heta bi sedsala 19. \u00fb heta bi n\u00eev\u00ea sedsala 20. ev hers\u00ea s\u00eeleh bi awayek\u00ee serket\u00ee hatin p\u00eakan\u00een. Ev hers\u00ea s\u00eeleh j\u00ee s\u00ea heman\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest b\u00fbn. Ango meyla kara her\u00ee z\u00eade ya sermayey\u00ea ku her di\u00e7\u00fb dewam\u00ee dib\u00fb, bir\u00eaxistinkirina desthilatdariy\u00ea weke netew-dewlet \u00fb \u00eendustriyal\u00eezma bi gavav\u00eatina ji man\u00eefaktur\u00ea ber bi \u015fore\u015fa p\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00ea ve dest p\u00ea kir\u00eeb\u00fb. Dinya ku di van dused sal\u00ean dawiy\u00ea de bi van hers\u00ea h\u00eamanan hat fetihkirin, bi rast\u00ee dinyayeke gelek\u00ee xer\u00eeb \u00fb veqetiyay\u00ee ye. Hemin ev ne s\u00eestemeke xweday\u00ee ya ji ezm\u00ean hat\u00ee ye \u00fb nabe j\u00ee. Em li vir behsa c\u00eehana h\u00eazeke hegemon\u00eek dikin ku di d\u00eerok\u00ea de potansiyeleke jir\u00eaderket\u00ee \u00fb xweve\u015fart\u00ee ye, di terk \u00fb qel\u015f\u00ean p\u00eanc hezar sal\u00ee y\u00ea s\u00eestema \u015faristaniya navend\u00ee de, di dehl\u00eez\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean bi diz\u00ee de tim\u00ee weke gunehkar hatiye d\u00eetin, ji aliy\u00ea mirovatiy\u00ea ve weke \u2018\u00c7il Heramiyan\u2019 hukim l\u00ea hatiye bir\u00een. Li Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea xwe girt \u00fb global b\u00fb, ji ber ku hers\u00ea s\u00eeleh bi kar an\u00een kujer b\u00fbn. Bi awayek\u00ee \u00eedeoloj\u00eek ji bo hukim li xweza \u00fb civak\u00ea bike c\u00eehana zanist\u00ee p\u00eak aniye, \u00eenkara pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ea be j\u00ee c\u00eehana netew-dewlet \u00fb c\u00eehana \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm \u00fb kara her\u00ee z\u00eade ya civak \u00fb haw\u00eerdor daqurtandine, ava kiriye, di qonaxa daw\u00ee de j\u00ee bi temam\u00ee qedandin an j\u00ee \u00eeflasa civak, ferd \u00fb haw\u00eerdor\u00ea \u00eefade dike. Ji sal\u00ean 1970\u2019\u00ee ve kap\u00eetal\u00eezma f\u00eenans\u00ea ya mohra xwe li hegemonyay\u00ea xist bi temam\u00ee s\u00eestemek e ku bi xweza \u00fb civak\u00ea re li hev nake. Bi hejmar\u00ean feraz\u00ee yan par\u00e7ey\u00ean kaxizan dil\u00eezin \u00fb di rojek\u00ea de bi tr\u00eelyonan Dolar\u00ee bi dest dixin, bi herhal\u00ee ev t\u00eara xwe \u00eespat dike ku ev s\u00eestem, s\u00eestemeke wel\u00ea ye ku \u00e7il car\u00ee z\u00eadetir ji \u2018\u00c7il Heremiyan\u2019 heram\u00eetir, dizektir \u00fb hovtir (ku\u015ftina fiz\u00eek\u00ee \u00fb manew\u00ee) e. Her kes p\u00eax\u00eertengiya daw\u00ee weke p\u00eax\u00eertengiya ji ber avab\u00fbn \u00fb struktureliya kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea dinirx\u00eene. Ya rast\u00ee hewce nake ku mirov bib\u00eaje p\u00eax\u00eertengiya daw\u00ee j\u00ee. Ji ber ku kap\u00eetal\u00eezm bi xwe p\u00eax\u00eertengiya her\u00ee kujer a s\u00eestema \u015faristaniy\u00ea ye ku dewam\u00ee \u00fb domdar b\u00fbye. Di p\u00eancsed sal\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean hukimraniya xwe de bi \u015fer\u00ean \u00eemha \u00fb qirkirin\u00ea, bi talan\u00ean xeternak \u00ean m\u00eatingeriy\u00ea, bi m\u00eatinkariya ked\u00ea, bi hilwe\u015fandina haw\u00eerdor\u00ea \u00fb di encam\u00ea de bi qedandina ferd \u00fb civak\u00ea ya r\u00ea li ber vekir, xislet\u00ean xwe y\u00ean sereke bi z\u00eadeh\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fan daye. Bi ten\u00ea b\u00eelan\u00e7oya \u015fer\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean sedsal\u00ea ji b\u00eelan\u00e7oy\u00ean \u015fer\u00ean di d\u00eeroka tevahiya mirovatiy\u00ea de qatbiqat z\u00eadetir e. Dema mirov van b\u00eelan\u00e7oyan li ber \u00e7avan bigire, mirov bi h\u00easan\u00ee dikare \u00eedd\u00eea bike ku ev ne bi ten\u00ea karekter\u00ea s\u00eestem\u00ea y\u00ea p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ea, l\u00ea bel\u00ea karekter\u00ea w\u00ea y\u00ea kanserojen \u00ea ji bo haw\u00eerdor \u00fb civaka mirov j\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Ji ber ku ev xislet\u00ean s\u00eestem\u00ea li navenda w\u00ea ya sereke \u00fb navenda w\u00ea ya global ji z\u00fb ve derketine hol\u00ea, mirov dikare f\u00eahm bike ka \u00e7ima s\u00eestem li navenda \u00e7anda d\u00eerok\u00ee ya mirovatiy\u00ea li Rojhilata Nav\u00een evqas\u00ee tengav dibe. Di sedsala daw\u00ee de r\u00eaxistiniya netew-dewlet\u00ea ji bo rizgarkirina modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest t\u00ear\u00ea nake. Gelek\u00ee e\u015fkere derketiye hol\u00ea ku li Rojhilata Nav\u00een netew-dewleta m\u00een\u00eemal\u00eest am\u00fbr\u00ea tehekum\u00ea y\u00ea modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest e. Demek\u00ea li her\u00eam\u00ea maneya wal\u00eetiy\u00ean \u00cemparatoriya Romay\u00ea \u00e7i be, netew-dewlet\u00ean roja me ya \u00eero xwed\u00ee heman maney\u00ea ne. Belk\u00ee j\u00ee rola wan a hevkartiy\u00ea ji ya waliy\u00ean Romay\u00ea b\u00eahtir e, ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee y\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea d\u00fbr in, dema n\u00eaz\u00eek j\u00ee dibin bi temam\u00ee di rew\u015feke nakok de ne. H\u00eaman\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm \u00fb kara her\u00ee z\u00eade, ne di w\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea de ne ku di \u00e7anda her\u00eam\u00ea de karibin k\u00fbr bibin. Am\u00fbra wan a her\u00ee z\u00eade bi kar t\u00eenin ango netew-dewlet weke li gelemperiya dinyay\u00ea li her\u00eam\u00ea j\u00ee bi lez diferike, diheze. Am\u00fbra wan netew-dewlet di war\u00ea dewamkirina p\u00eax\u00eertengiya hey\u00ee de j\u00ee bi k\u00ear nay\u00ea. Heb\u00fbna netew-dewletan her ku di\u00e7e p\u00eax\u00eertengiya hey\u00ee k\u00fbrtir dike. Eger em rew\u015fa daw\u00ee ya netew-dewlet\u00ea li her\u00eam\u00ea \u00fb li hember\u00ee b\u00fbyer\u00ean muhtemel e ku biqewimin hey\u00eena w\u00ea binirx\u00eenin, em \u00ea karibin weha bib\u00eajin:<\/p>\n

A- Netew-dewletpar\u00eaziya Ereb, ji z\u00fb ve ji aliy\u00ea gel\u00ean xwe ve j\u00ee b\u00fbne nakokiya sereke ya ji wan h\u00ears bibin. Ji wan, dewleta Iraq\u00ea weke ya her\u00ee bi h\u00eaz xuya dikir, di rew\u015fa hey\u00ee de ew b\u00fbye goristana netew-dewletpar\u00eaziy\u00ea. Li \u015f\u00fbna netew-dewleta xira b\u00fbye ya n\u00fb nay\u00ea avakirin \u00fb heye ku dabe\u015f\u00ee s\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ean n\u00fb bibe \u00fb ev j\u00ee w\u00ea ne ku pirsgir\u00eakan \u00e7areser bike, berevaj\u00ee w\u00ea b\u00eahtir giran bike \u00fb \u015fer j\u00ee w\u00ea bigihin asta qirkirin\u00ea. Netew-dewletpar\u00eaziya Ereb-\u015e\u00ee\u00ee, Ereb-Sunn\u00ee \u00fb Kurd bi herhal\u00ee w\u00ea di sedsala 21\u2019\u00ea de li sahney\u00ean her\u00ee xw\u00eenrij \u015fahidiy\u00ea bikin. Dema mirov li rew\u015fa hey\u00ee bin\u00eare \u00fb bi tevkujiya Heleb\u00e7ey\u00ea ya di rabihuriya n\u00eaz de \u00fb tevkujiy\u00ean din \u00ean mezheb\u00ee \u00fb etn\u00eek hem\u00fbyan re bide ber hev, w\u00ea xeternakiya \u015fer\u00ean netew-dewletpar\u00eaziya siberoj\u00ea ba\u015ftir b\u00ea f\u00eahmkirin. Niha \u00fb siberojek heye ku gelek\u00ee di\u015fibe dewlet\u00ean bajaran \u00ean di dema Sumeran de hev tine dikirin. Ez bawer dikim ku w\u00ea ne \u015fa\u015f be, mirov bib\u00eaje, ji Fas\u00ea heta bi Yemen\u00ea, ji S\u00fbdan\u00ea heta bi S\u00fbriy\u00ea \u00fb heta heta bi Libnan\u00ea w\u00ea rew\u015fa hey\u00ee ya netew-dewlet\u00ean Ereb hem\u00fbyan di siberojeke n\u00eaz de ji Iraq\u00ea ne cuda be. Bi away\u00ea xuya dike, li dij\u00ee \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea \u015fer dikin, l\u00ea bi rast\u00ee \u00fb bi awayek\u00ee berbi\u00e7av di rew\u015feke hevkar de ne ku heb\u00fbna \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea li ser piyan digirin. Ango heb\u00fbna wan bi hegemonya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea mumk\u00een dibe. Belk\u00ee her\u00ee z\u00eade netew-dewlet y\u00ean Ereb hewcedar\u00ee \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea ne. Di c\u00eehana Ereb de weke milletperestiya \u00ceslama siyas\u00ee, ji milletperestiya la\u00eek \u00fb dewleta w\u00ea ya netewe b\u00eahtir bi problem e. Ev milletperestiya ku xwe disip\u00eare \u00eest\u00eesmarkirina \u00ceslama \u00e7and\u00ee bi ten\u00ea dikare bi rola tevgera fa\u015f\u00eest a dereng rabe. \u00c7awa ku bi m\u00eenaka El Qa\u00eedey\u00ea j\u00ee hat d\u00eetin, ji r\u00eaxistineke provakasyon\u00ea ya ku netew-dewlet w\u00ea tim\u00ee weke paravan bi kar t\u00eenin, w\u00eadetir na\u00e7in \u00fb ev j\u00ee hatiye \u00eespatkirin. \u00c7i y\u00ean ber\u00ea bin \u00fb \u00e7i j\u00ee y\u00ean ji n\u00fb ve dixwazin ava bikin bin, dewletpar\u00eaziya netewe ya Ereb li ser jiyana civak\u00ee \u00fb li hember\u00ee r\u00ea\u00fbresma \u00ceslam\u00ee ji rola kefenfiro\u015fiy\u00ea w\u00eadetir bi roleke din ranabe, \u00fb w\u00ea nikaribe rabe j\u00ee. H\u00eaman\u00ean din \u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea saziy\u00ean \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea \u00fb kara her\u00ee z\u00eade j\u00ee rew\u015fa wan ji dewletpar\u00eaziya netewe ba\u015ftir n\u00een e. \u00cendustriyal\u00eezm \u00fb kara ku xwe disip\u00earin petrol\u00ea \u00fb avakirina xaniyan \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean her\u00ee mezin \u00ean bi problem \u00ean pa\u015feroj\u00ea ne. Dema petrol biqede, bi heb\u00fbna bajar\u00ean m\u00eena gir\u00eakan mezin dibin, dibe ku dema n\u00eaz a siberoj\u00ea ji bo Ereban bibe m\u00eena meh\u015fereke bi rast\u00ee.<\/p>\n

B- Netew-dewletok\u00ean Tirk bi \u015f\u00eawey\u00ean avab\u00fbna xwe ya m\u00een\u00eemal\u00eest, \u00e7i ji aliy\u00ea DYE-YE ve b\u00eane me\u015fandin \u00e7i ji aliy\u00ea R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ve, w\u00ea ti car\u00ee nikaribin bi rola ber\u00ea ya desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ean bi koka xwe Tirk rabin \u00fb w\u00ea ji statuya eyaleteke s\u00eestema p\u00eave ne, w\u00eadetir nikaribin bi\u00e7in. Jixwe li gor\u00ee p\u00eadiviy\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee y\u00ean hegemonyay\u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00fb sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee hatine koord\u00eenekirin. Ji bo bar\u00ea rabihuriy\u00ea y\u00ea b\u00fbye asteng ji hol\u00ea rakin \u00fb ji bo p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee li ser\u00eerakirina gel bigirin hatine wez\u00eefedarkirin. Mirov dema li nod sal rabihuriya wan bin\u00eare, mirov \u00ea bi h\u00easan\u00ee karibe bib\u00eaje, bi v\u00ea rola xwe rab\u00fbne. M\u00eena ku ji bo rola Tirkan a di hezar sal\u00ean daw\u00ee de p\u00ea rab\u00fbne berepa\u015f bikin hatine erkdarkirin. Tevahiya wan j\u00ee xwe li rola m\u00een\u00eemal\u00eezeb\u00fbn\u00ea, xwe li nava xwe digirin. M\u00eena ku ti berpirsiyariya wan ji bo \u00e7anda her\u00eam\u00ea \u00fb gel\u00ean wan tinebe tevdigerin, heta li hember\u00ee hev j\u00ee bi roleke er\u00ean\u00ee ranabin. Ev rew\u015fa wan bi z\u00eahniyet \u00fb jiyana dewletpar\u00eaz \u00fb milletperest a teng ku h\u00een\u00ee w\u00ea b\u00fbne, t\u00eakildar e. Bi v\u00ee hal\u00ea xwe y\u00ea hey\u00ee, ew nikarin bibin siya w\u00ea rabihuriya gelek\u00ee rexne dikin an j\u00ee carinan dil\u00ea xwe dibij\u00eenin\u00ea j\u00ee. Di pa\u015feroja n\u00eaz de ew netew-dewlet e ku div\u00ea her\u00ee z\u00eade reforme bibe. L\u00ea di van dem\u00ean dawiy\u00ea de modela weke senteza \u00ceslama Tirk dixin sahney\u00ea, ji reform\u00ea z\u00eadetir weke p\u00eadiviya s\u00eestema hegemon\u00eek a bi qereqoleke p\u00ea\u015f bi gewde dibe. Ji aliy\u00ea naverok\u00ea ve xwe venaguher\u00eenin di lihevreki\u015fandina wan li efendiy\u00ean wan de \u015fens\u00ea wan k\u00eam e ku para xwe bigirin. M\u00eena Ereban in, tev kom bibin j\u00ee bi qas\u00ee \u00cesra\u00eelek\u00ea nakin \u00fb ji bil\u00ee gir\u00eadana bi hegemonya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea ti \u015fens\u00ea wan tine ye. \u00c7awa ku hey\u00eena wan bi \u015fert\u00ean derketina hol\u00ea ya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee b\u00fb, di dema xwe ya daw\u00ee de j\u00ee \u00e7aren\u00fbsa wan bi heb\u00fbna \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea diyar bibe. L\u00ea eger ji qalib\u00ean jiyan\u00ea \u00fb z\u00eahniyet\u00ean xwe y\u00ean hey\u00ee nebihurin. H\u00eaman\u00ean din \u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest di nava xwe de j\u00ee z\u00eade h\u00eaviy\u00ea bi mirovan re \u00e7\u00eanakin. Li Komara Tirkiy\u00ea nexasim \u00eendustriyal\u00eezma li ser petrol, gaz \u00fb hinek madenan tev\u00ee tur\u00eezm, otomob\u00eel \u00fb tekst\u00eel\u00ea hatiye avakirin, ji niha ve erd\u00ean mirov li ser wan dim\u00eenin kiriye m\u00eena goristan\u00ea. Kara her\u00ee z\u00eade ya \u00e7avkor\u00ee ekoloj\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7anda d\u00eerok\u00ee ya tejaneya Firat-D\u00eecley\u00ea tine dike \u00fb hewl dide aq\u00fbbeta gel\u00ea Kurd \u00ea li v\u00ea qad\u00ea dim\u00eene bike m\u00eena ya gel\u00ean Ermen\u00ee \u00fb Suryan\u00ee. Netew-dewleta Tirk yeq\u00een dike ku bi qirkirina daw\u00ee ya Kurdan w\u00ea \u2018bi welat \u00fb millet\u00ea xwe y\u00ea yekpareb\u00fby\u00ee\u2019 heta hetay\u00ea weke netew-dewletek\u00ea bim\u00eene. E\u015fkere ye ku modern\u00eete \u00fb netew-dewletpar\u00eaziya Tirk (eger parad\u00eegma xwe neguhere) di pa\u015feroja n\u00eaz de, di ser\u00ee de gel\u00ean Kurd \u00fb Tirk, w\u00ea ji bo gel\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ean civak\u00ee ji kefenfiro\u015f\u00ee \u00fb gorkolan\u00ea w\u00eadetir bi roleke din ranebe.<\/p>\n

C- Rew\u015fa \u00ceran\u00ea \u00fb netew-dewlet\u00ean din b\u00eahtir bi pirsgir\u00eak e. Jixwe netew-dewletpar\u00eaziya Afganistan \u00fb Pakistan\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee xeternak ketine p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ea. \u015eer\u00ean sedsala daw\u00ee y\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea belk\u00ee j\u00ee felaketeke ji bombeya atom\u00ea mezintir bi ser\u00ea van gelan \u00fb \u00e7andan de aniye. Gel\u00ean behsa wan t\u00eane kirin, bi komplo, hilwe\u015f\u00een \u00fb re\u015fkujiy\u00ean ti car\u00ee di d\u00eeroka xwe de ned\u00eetine r\u00fb bi r\u00fb dibin. \u00ceran her k\u00eal\u00ee dibe ku bi felaketa atom\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb bibe. \u00c7anda \u00ceran\u00ea ji ser\u00ee ve di ser\u00ee de \u00e7anda netew-dewlet bi modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest re pev di\u00e7e. Li dij\u00ee h\u00eaman\u00ean t\u00eane ferzkirin hem\u00fbyan li ber xwe dide. \u015e\u00eeatiya weke diyardeyeke b\u00eahtir her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb d\u00eerok\u00ee t\u00ea ferzkirin, ji niha ve ji aliy\u00ea gel\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ea ve hatiye f\u00eahmkirin ku milletperest\u00ee ye, \u00e7\u00eakirineke modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest e, \u00fb bi v\u00ea maskey\u00ea \u015eore\u015fa \u00ceslam\u00ee ya \u00ceran\u00ea t\u00ea p\u00fb\u00e7kirin, lewma li ber w\u00ea radibin. B\u00fbyer\u00ean li Afganistan \u00fb Pakistan\u00ea diqewimin j\u00ee cuda n\u00een in. Tev\u00ee cambaziy\u00ean H\u00eezbullah, El Qa\u00eede \u00fb Tal\u00eebanan j\u00ee ser rastiy\u00ea nay\u00ea girtin. Div\u00ea mirov ji b\u00eer neke ku ev hers\u00ea saziy\u00ean bi maske j\u00ee ango H\u00eezbullah, El Qa\u00eede \u00fb Tal\u00eeban ji aliy\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ean xulam ve hatine damezrandin \u00fb niha j\u00ee li dij\u00ee efendiy\u00ean xwe y\u00ean hegemon\u00eek DYE \u00fb Yek\u00eetiya Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea weke am\u00fbr\u00ean \u015fantaj\u00ea t\u00eane bikaran\u00een da ku ev netew-dewlet\u00ean xulam karibin b\u00eahtir par\u00ea bigirin. Ango ev am\u00fbr\u00ean tevkuj\u00ee, re\u015fkuj\u00ee \u00fb komployan bi hev re ava kirine da ku p\u00ea hevdu terbiye bikin \u00fb ji bo para xwe b\u00eahtir bikin li dij\u00ee hevdu bi kar t\u00eenin. Belk\u00ee j\u00ee di d\u00eerok\u00ea de am\u00fbr\u00ean evqas\u00ee kir\u00eat \u00ean l\u00eestik\u00ean komployan nehatine ved\u00eetin. Bi van am\u00fbr\u00ean l\u00eestik\u00ea y\u00ean komploger m\u00eena bi darq\u00eetik \u00fb pel\u00ea bil\u00eezin, gel \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ean wan ku\u015ftin. E\u015fkere ye ku bi van am\u00fbran ne li Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00ead\u00ee ling\u00ea s\u00eestem\u00ea cih digirin, ne j\u00ee netew-dewlet\u00ean hevkar\u00ean w\u00ea ne, diedilin \u00fb \u00eefleh dibin. Nexasim \u00ceran, r\u00ea\u00fbresma xwe ya dewlet\u00ea ku gelek\u00ee kevn e, bi kar t\u00eene \u00fb xwed\u00eagirav\u00ee yeq\u00een dike ku w\u00ea bi modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest karibe, ya rast\u00ee \u00eemajeke wisa dide \u00fb li bend\u00ea ye ku ji aliy\u00ea s\u00eestem\u00ea ve b\u00ea qeb\u00fblkirin. Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee bikaran\u00eena d\u00eerok\u00ea, bi herhal\u00ee \u015f\u00eaweyek\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea y\u00ea her\u00ee \u00e7avkor\u00ee ye. Tevl\u00eehevkirina modern\u00eetey\u00ea evqas\u00ee bi r\u00ea\u00fbresma d\u00eerok\u00ee \u00fb r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea j\u00ee evqas\u00ee bi modern\u00eetey\u00ea re bi herhal\u00ee mirov bi ten\u00ea dikare bi \u2018xas\u00fbkiya Ecem\u2019 rave bike. Ji ber van sedeman, heye ku pa\u015feroja n\u00eaz a Rojhilata Nav\u00een di ser \u00ceran\u00ea re bi gewde bibe \u00fb \u015fikil bigire. Bi rast\u00ee \u00ceran di navenda sereke ya guft\u00fbgoy\u00ean modern\u00eetey\u00ea de ye. Milletperestiya \u015e\u00eea \u00e7iqas\u00ee berevaj\u00ee bike j\u00ee guft\u00fbgoya \u00eedeoloj\u00eek \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eek a li ser modern\u00eetey\u00ea her bi\u00e7e w\u00ea mezin bibe \u00fb dewam bike. Gel\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ea modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ji gel\u00ean din b\u00eahtir nas dikin \u00fb bi biryar xuya dikin ku st\u00fby\u00ea xwe li ber w\u00ea xwar nekin. Milletperestiya \u015e\u00eea ya hey\u00ee \u00e7iqas\u00ee ant\u00ee-\u00cesra\u00eel\u00ee, ant\u00ee-Emer\u00eekan\u00ee \u00fb ant\u00ee-Rojavay\u00eetiya sexte bike bila bike, bi awayek\u00ee demdir\u00eaj gel\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ea w\u00ea li modern\u00eeteya li gor\u00ee xwe bigerin \u00fb ew \u00ea nikaribe p\u00ea\u015fiy\u00ea li v\u00ea l\u00eager\u00eena wan bigire. Heta bi DYE \u00fb \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea re li hev bike j\u00ee w\u00ea nikaribe v\u00ea helwesta xwe ya bi maske ve\u015f\u00eare. Di \u00e7anda \u00ceran\u00ea de gera li heq\u00eeqet\u00ea bi h\u00eaz e. Herweha li \u00ceran\u00ea r\u00ea\u00fbresmeke jiyana kom\u00ee ya bi qas\u00ee d\u00eerok\u00ea kevin heye. Lewma di pa\u015feroja n\u00eaz a \u00ceran\u00ea de heye ku em \u015ferek\u00ee rast\u00ee y\u00ea modern\u00eetey\u00ea bib\u00eenin. Ya rast\u00ee, \u015eore\u015fa \u00ceslam\u00ee ya 1979\u2019an \u015ferek\u00ee modern\u00eetey\u00ea b\u00fb, l\u00ea \u00e7eloxwar\u00ee kirin, ji r\u00ea derxistin. Gel\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ea bi ders\u00ean ji v\u00ea \u015fore\u015f\u00ea \u00fb dem\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ea derxin, di pa\u015feroja n\u00eaz de ji bo tevahiya gel\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een bi \u015fer\u00ean modern\u00eetey\u00ea ku karibin r\u00ea li ber serdemeke n\u00fb vekin, bibin sedema b\u00fbyer\u00ean h\u00eajay\u00ee d\u00eeroka xwe, h\u00eajay\u00ee d\u00eeroka Rojhilata Nav\u00een. Ji ber v\u00ea, guft\u00fbgoy\u00ean li ser modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb ezm\u00fbn\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean prat\u00eek gelek\u00ee gir\u00eeng in, \u00fb r\u00ean\u00ee\u015faner in.<\/p>\n

2- Di P\u00eax\u00eertengiya Rojhilata Nav\u00een De \u00c7areseriya Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Diyardey\u00ean civak\u00ee nerm in. Di nava y\u00ean pir p\u00eax\u00eerteng\u00ee de j\u00ee tim\u00ee \u00eeht\u00eemal\u00ean \u00e7areseriy\u00ea y\u00ean piral\u00ee hene. Pirs ew e, tesewir\u00ean \u00e7areser\u00ee xwe disp\u00earin wan t\u00eakiliya wan bi heq\u00eeqeta civak\u00ee re hene. Diyardey\u00ean civak\u00ee m\u00eena diyardeyeke fiz\u00eek\u00ee yan j\u00ee diyardeyeke k\u00eemyaw\u00ee bi qan\u00fbnan nay\u00ean p\u00eevan \u00fb bi wan ve nay\u00ean gir\u00eadan. Ferd\u00ea xwed\u00ee heq\u00eeqet ji aliy\u00ea civaka xwe ve t\u00ea diyarkirin. Mirov nikare li ti ferd yan j\u00ee xwediy\u00ea heq\u00eeqet\u00ea serwext bibe heke mirov civak\u00eeb\u00fbna ew p\u00eave gir\u00eaday\u00ee ji ned\u00eet\u00ee ve were. Ji ber v\u00ea, her \u00e7iqas\u00ee sosyoloj\u00ee zanista her\u00ee dereng bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye j\u00ee d\u00eesa di ser\u00ea wan zanistan de t\u00ea tim \u00fb tim p\u00eadiviya xwe bi xurtkirin \u00fb gihi\u015ftin\u00ea dib\u00eene. Mirov heta civakan f\u00eahm neke, der bar\u00ea pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean wan de nikare xwe bigih\u00eene \u00e7areseriy\u00ean para wan a heq\u00eeqet\u00ea z\u00eade. Ji bo mirov p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ean civak\u00ee j\u00ee f\u00eahm bike, h\u00ea b\u00eahtir p\u00eadiv\u00ee bi t\u00eagihi\u015ftina civakan a heq\u00eeqet\u00ea heye. Di k\u00ealiy\u00ean p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ea de civak ji hev de dikevin ango di van k\u00ealiyan de heq\u00eeqet\u00ean wan vediguherin. P\u00eax\u00eerteng\u00ee bi agahiy\u00ean ber\u00ea y\u00ean der bar\u00ea civak\u00ea de \u2013 \u00fb bi piran\u00ee ev agah\u00ee m\u00eetoloj\u00eek, d\u00een\u00ee \u00fb hozan\u00ee ne \u2013ji hev nay\u00ea derxistin. Ji ber ku ji hev nay\u00ea derxistin, alternat\u00eef\u00ean di \u00e7areseriy\u00ea de para wan z\u00eade j\u00ee dernakevin hol\u00ea. Di encam\u00ea de \u00e7iqas\u00ee heq\u00eeqet\u00ea bigire nava xwe w\u00ea ewqas\u00ee j\u00ee para \u00e7areseriy\u00ea diyar bike. Bi gotineke din, di \u00e7alakiya civak\u00ee de ti\u015fta serketin\u00ea diyar dike, h\u00eaza heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ya w\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ee ye. Heq\u00eeqet bi xwe j\u00ee di diyardeya civak\u00ea de para h\u00eaz\u00ean jiyan\u00ea \u00fb maneya wan \u00eefade dike. \u00cefadey\u00ean para wan a heq\u00eeqet\u00ea z\u00eade j\u00ee li gor\u00ee tems\u00eela h\u00eaza jiyan\u00ea \u00fb maneya w\u00ea ya di nava diyardeya civak\u00ea de diyar dibe. Modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest Rojhilata Nav\u00een fetih kir \u00fb li gor\u00ee tehl\u00eela daw\u00ee, ev ji serdestiya heq\u00eeqeta w\u00ea ya civak\u00ee li hember\u00ee civakb\u00fbna Rojhilata Nav\u00een e. Civaka Rojhilata Nav\u00een li hember\u00ee modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest b\u00fbye civaka ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea, lewma li hember\u00ee heq\u00eeqet\u00ean modern\u00eetey\u00ea \u00ead\u00ee ti \u015fens\u00ea n\u00fbner\u00ean heq\u00eeqeta v\u00ea \u00e7and\u00ea y\u00ea serketin\u00ea p\u00eakan n\u00een e. Bi kurt\u00ee, li hember\u00ee heq\u00eeqeta Rojava heq\u00eeqeta Rojhilat lawaz b\u00fb \u00fb ne\u00e7ar\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea b\u00fb. Mirov nikare t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea bike mal\u00ea tevahiya civak\u00ea. Y\u00ean t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbn xwediy\u00ean ferm\u00ee y\u00ean heq\u00eeqet\u00ea b\u00fbn ango desthilatdar \u00fb dewletdar b\u00fbn. Ji ber ku heq\u00eeqeta serdest heq\u00eeqeta wan tems\u00eel dikir. T\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn di tevahiya j\u00earsaz\u00ee \u00fb jorsaziy\u00ean s\u00eestema dewlet\u00ea de b\u00fb. Eger \u00ean t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn di asta man\u00fbneman\u00ea de li ber xwe nedin, tems\u00eela heq\u00eeqeta n\u00fb \u00ead\u00ee w\u00ea gir\u00eaday\u00ee h\u00eaza hegemon\u00eek be. Ew \u00ead\u00ee nikarin z\u00eahniyeta civaka xwe \u00fb \u00eeradeya w\u00ea ya jiyan\u00ea diyar bikin. Ew \u00ead\u00ee weke saziy\u00ean ajan \u00fb hevkar\u00ean h\u00eaz\u00ean hegemon\u00eek di berd\u00eala misogerkirina jiyana xwe de ten\u00ea dikarin xizmet\u00ea bikin \u00fb bi v\u00ea berpirsiyar in. L\u00ea m\u00eena gewdeyek\u00ee b\u00easer\u00ee may\u00ee gewdeyek\u00ee civak\u00ee li naverast\u00ea di cih\u00ea xwe de diperpite. \u00c7awa ku me qala w\u00ea kir, bi v\u00ea perpit\u00een\u00ea re yan w\u00ea birize, ji hev de bikeve di nava civakb\u00fbn \u00fb desthilatdariya n\u00fb ya modern\u00eetey\u00ea de bihele tine bibe, yan j\u00ee w\u00ea ji ber karektera xwe ya nerm, bi gewdey\u00ea xwe y\u00ea tesl\u00eem nabe w\u00ea bi z\u00eahniyeteke azad xwe bigih\u00eene biryara jiyaneke azad ango ji p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ea bi z\u00eahniyeteke b\u00eahtir azad derkeve \u00fb gav biav\u00eaje. B\u00eaguman bi p\u00ea\u015fengiya v\u00ea z\u00eahniyeta n\u00fb gavav\u00eatin, bi para heq\u00eeqeta w\u00ea ya n\u00fb ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Li \u015f\u00fbna felsefe, huner, \u00eedeoloj\u00ee, zanist \u00fb hilber\u00eena ekonom\u00eek a fetha modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest mumkin kiriye, zanist, felsefe, huner, \u00eedeoloj\u00ee \u00fb ekonomiyeke hilber\u00een\u00ea ya n\u00fb w\u00ea serketina v\u00ea gavav\u00eatin\u00ea diyar bike. Ev j\u00ee t\u00ea maneya modern\u00eeteyeke n\u00fb. Ji civakeke r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ya t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fby\u00ee gavav\u00eatina ber bi civakeke di\u00e7e serketin\u00ea ango bi modern\u00eeteyeke alternat\u00eef a ji modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest dibihure rizgarb\u00fbna ji p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee serket\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00ea. Civaka sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee bi sedema ku nikar\u00eeb\u00fb xwe bike modern\u00eeteyeke cuda ji hev de ket. Ji hers\u00ea h\u00eaman\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest nebihur\u00ee. J\u00eabihur\u00een li aliyek\u00ee, kap\u00eetal\u00eezma burokrat\u00eek \u00fb hers\u00ea h\u00eaman\u00ean w\u00ea z\u00eade bi kar an\u00een. Di encam\u00ea de para heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ya avahiy\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean ku w\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakirib\u00fbn li hember\u00ee para heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ya modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest l\u00eeberal lawaz man, lewma t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb ji hev de ketin. Li vir kap\u00eetal\u00eezma burokrat\u00eek li beramber\u00ee kap\u00eetal\u00eezma l\u00eeberal t\u00eak di\u00e7e. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezma burokrat\u00eek ne bi ten\u00ea nikar\u00eeb\u00fb xwe weke modern\u00eeteyeke cuda d\u00eezayn bike, her wisa nikar\u00eeb\u00fb ji modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest a l\u00eeberal bibihure \u00fb xwe weke modern\u00eeteyeke n\u00fb ya kap\u00eetal\u00eest p\u00eak b\u00eene. Tevger\u00ean \u00ceslam\u00ee y\u00ean dewletgir \u00fb desthilatgir ku mirov dikare wan weke tevger\u00ean jir\u00eaderket\u00ee bi nav bike, bi para xwe ya heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ya pa\u015fvemay\u00ee ji sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee b\u00eahtir \u00eedeoloj\u00eek b\u00fbn, l\u00ea d\u00eesa j\u00ee diyardey\u00ean \u00e7eloxwar\u00ee b\u00fbn \u00fb ji t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea rizgar nabin. Avahiy\u00ean civak\u00ee \u00fb \u00eedeoloj\u00eek \u00ean b\u00eahtir li Misr\u00ea li Zan\u00eengeha El Ezher\u00ea bi r\u00ea\u00fbresma Sunn\u00ee, li medresey\u00ean li bajar\u00ea Q\u00fbm\u00ea y\u00ea \u00ceran\u00ea bi r\u00ea\u00fbresma \u015e\u00eea xwe modern n\u00ee\u015fan didin, bi para xwe ya heq\u00eeqet\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00ee berniga modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest a l\u00eeberal j\u00ee nabin. Tev\u00ee ewqas\u00ee hewldan \u00fb berxwedan\u00ean wan, li dij\u00ee \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea ku kakil\u00ea hegemon\u00eek \u00ea modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest a Rojava ye, gi\u015f bibin yek j\u00ee d\u00eesa dawiya wan biv\u00eanev\u00ea w\u00ea t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn be. Sedema v\u00ea j\u00ee ne s\u00eeleh\u00ean nukleer \u00ean \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea ne \u00fb ne j\u00ee serdestiya w\u00ea ya teknoloj\u00eek e; li gor\u00ee tehl\u00eela daw\u00ee, ji ber para w\u00ea ya heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ye. Para heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea bi r\u00eaxistin kiriye, qatbiqat ji ya y\u00ean li hember\u00ee w\u00ea z\u00eadetir e. Her \u00e7iqas\u00ee mirov guman nake ku ew dixwazin xwe weke c\u00eehaneke cuda n\u00ee\u015fan bidin j\u00ee l\u00ea ji bo c\u00eehaneke cuda keng\u00ee bi para xwe ya heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ji c\u00eehana modern a kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea bihur\u00een hing\u00ea w\u00ea karibin \u00eedea tems\u00eel\u00ea ya jiyaneke ango modern\u00eeteyeke civak\u00ee ya para w\u00ea ya heq\u00eeqet\u00ea z\u00eadetir bikin. Eger ev nebe, \u00eedeaya modern\u00eeteyeke cuda ji \u00eedeayeke p\u00fb\u00e7 w\u00eadetir na\u00e7e. Eger bibe j\u00ee w\u00ea bibe varyanteke r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ya maskeya modern daye ber r\u00fby\u00ea xwe. Bi kurt\u00ee, r\u00ea\u00fbresma \u00e7and\u00ee ya \u00ceslam\u00ee weke modern\u00eeteyeke cuda n\u00ee\u015fandan, ji mij\u00fbliya qelpezan\u00ean ji berhem\u00ean kevin berhem\u00ean qelp \u00e7\u00eadikirin \u00fb diforitin w\u00ea cuda nebe. Nexasim roja me ya \u00eero \u00eedeaya desthilatdariya ferm\u00ee ya \u00ceran\u00ea di war\u00ea modern\u00eetey\u00ea de bi rew\u015fa hey\u00ee ji qelpezaniy\u00ea w\u00eadetir maneyeke xwe n\u00een e \u00fb \u015fens\u00ea jiyan\u00ea nade. Modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek a ku me di par\u00eaznameya \u00cemraliy\u00ea de hewl da guft\u00fbgo bikin, li ber rohniya van rexneyan em dikarin b\u00eahtir rast p\u00eanase bikin. Ser\u00ea p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee div\u00ea rexneya modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek a sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee rast were f\u00eahmkirin. Ev rexne ne redkirina sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea ye, ne j\u00ee qeb\u00fblkirina w\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee dogmat\u00eek e. Weke ezm\u00fbnek\u00ea ji hev derdixe \u00fb heq\u00eeqeta w\u00ea ya modern\u00eetey\u00ea ya ant\u00ee-kap\u00eetal\u00eest bi awayek\u00ee cewher\u00ee qeb\u00fbl dike. Bi awayek\u00ee teor\u00eek \u00fb prat\u00eek ant\u00ee-modern\u00eezma sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee dinirx\u00eene, ji \u015fa\u015fiy\u00ean w\u00ea dibihure \u00fb rastiy\u00ean w\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee cewher\u00ee qeb\u00fbl dike. \u00c7anda ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een bi awayek\u00ee zanist\u00ee anal\u00eez dike \u00fb heq\u00eeqeta di w\u00ea de weke \u00e7avkaniya her\u00ee gir\u00eeng rojane dike. Modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek bi ten\u00ea utopyayeke der bar pa\u015feroj\u00ea de n\u00een e. Pala xwe dide \u00e7andeke ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ya hezar\u00ea salan. Rastiya rojane ya v\u00ea \u00e7and\u00ea civaka hey\u00ee bi xwe ye. Ev civak \u00e7iqas\u00ee b\u00ea\u00e7are \u00fb b\u00ea\u00e7areser\u00ee hatibe hi\u015ftin j\u00ee d\u00eesa rastiyek e. Ji ber ku rast\u00ee ye j\u00ee pareke w\u00ea ya gir\u00eeng a heq\u00eeqet\u00ea heye. Anal\u00eezkirina w\u00ea, v\u00ea par\u00ea \u00eefade bike. Div\u00ea mirov r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea bi muhafezekariy\u00ea re tevl\u00eehev neke. Muhafezekar\u00ee r\u00ea\u00fbresma civak\u00ea bi xwe n\u00een e; ya rast\u00ee, n\u00fbneriya r\u00ea\u00fbresma serdest e, ya ku li hember\u00ee l\u00eeberal\u00eezm\u00ea hewl dide xwe bigire \u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fby\u00ee ye. Modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek a pala xwe nede r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea, mirov nikare weke modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek behsa w\u00ea bike. R\u00ea\u00fbresma civak\u00ee rastiya d\u00eerok\u00ee ya modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek e. \u00c7awa ku civaka b\u00ead\u00eerok nabe, modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek a b\u00ead\u00eerok j\u00ee nabe. Div\u00ea mirov rexney\u00ean tevger\u00ean ekoloj\u00eest \u00fb fem\u00een\u00eest li modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest gir\u00eeng bib\u00eene. Ekoloj\u00ee jixwe weke zanista haw\u00eerdor\u00ea ya b\u00fbye qurbana \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea ant\u00ee-kap\u00eetal\u00eest e; yek ji \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek e ku dest j\u00ea nabe. Gavav\u00eatina Fem\u00een\u00eezm\u00ea tev\u00ee k\u00eam\u00fbkurtiy\u00ean xwe hem\u00fbyan, bi qas\u00ee ku al\u00eekariya heq\u00eeqeta jin\u00ea kiriye, h\u00eaja \u00fb bi nirx e. Modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek bi xwe j\u00ee rastiya jin\u00ea anal\u00eez dike \u00fb xwe dike heq\u00eeqet. Tev\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ji bo ku rexneya fem\u00een\u00eest \u00fb tevgera w\u00ea bike par\u00e7eyek\u00ee xwe y\u00ea dest j\u00ea nabe xwe n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ea w\u00ea dike. Belk\u00ee mirov bib\u00eaje par\u00e7e rast n\u00een e; jina azad weke kirdara sereke ya jiyan\u00ea tevl\u00ee s\u00eestema xwe dike. Di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya \u015fer \u00fb guft\u00fbgoy\u00ean modern\u00eetey\u00ea de h\u00easan dibe ku mirov p\u00ea\u015fb\u00eeniya \u00e7aren\u00fbsa modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest di \u00e7anda Rojhilata Nav\u00een de bike. Di tevahiya hewldan\u00ean me y\u00ean anal\u00eez\u00ea de xuya dibe ku ev \u00e7aren\u00fbs \u00ea bi xwe diyar nebe. Keng\u00ee bi tesewira modern\u00eeteya alternat\u00eef a \u00eedeaya w\u00ea ya heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ji w\u00ea bi h\u00eaztir hebe w\u00ea karibe j\u00ea bibihure. Mirov v\u00ea j\u00ee bi rexney\u00ean modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek li h\u00eaman\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest, bi rexney\u00ean tevger\u00ean fem\u00een\u00eest, ekoloj\u00eest, \u00e7anda ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea \u00fb sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee y\u00ean li w\u00ea kirin \u00fb nikar\u00eeb\u00fbn ji w\u00ea bibihurin, bikin yek \u00fb bi v\u00ee away\u00ee mirov dikare h\u00eaza \u00e7areseriy\u00ea ya h\u00eaman\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek n\u00ee\u015fan bide. Mirov li gotin\u00ean di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de hatine gotin hem\u00fbyan di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya rizgarb\u00fbna ji p\u00eax\u00eertengiya civak\u00ee ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een de bifikire, mirov \u00ea karibe p\u00ea\u015fb\u00eeniya \u00e7areseriya muhtemel bike.<\/p>\n

a- Teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek h\u00eamana sereke ya \u00e7areserker a modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek e. Ji bil\u00ee teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek teoriyeke din n\u00een e li dij\u00ee teoriya netew-dewleta modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest civaka mirovatiya gerd\u00fbn\u00ee m\u00eena serj\u00eakeran h\u00fbrh\u00fbr\u00ee kir\u00ee, civak\u00ea ji n\u00fb ve bigih\u00eene hev \u00fb di nava azadiy\u00ea de li cem hev bigire. Teoriy\u00ean din \u00ean civak\u00ee li hember\u00ee pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean roja me ya \u00eero ji roleke marj\u00eenal p\u00eave nikarin bi roleke din rabin \u00fb maneyek\u00ea \u00eefade bikin. Teoriy\u00ean l\u00eeberal \u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eest, li \u015f\u00fbna ku nexwe\u015fiy\u00ean kanseroloj\u00eek \u00ean ku kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea li ser\u00ea mirovatiy\u00ea dewam\u00ee kirine \u00e7areser bike \u00fb civak\u00ea bigih\u00eene tenduristiya w\u00ea, bi ten\u00ea bi day\u00eena hinek dermanan temen\u00ea nexwe\u015f\u00ea kans\u00ear\u00ee pi\u00e7ek\u00ee din dikarin dir\u00eaj bikin. Bi tevah\u00ee \u00e7areseriy\u00ean ev teor\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fniyar dikin, pirsgir\u00eakan m\u00eena \u00e7iyan mezin dikin \u00fb bi v\u00ee away\u00ee temen\u00ea modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest hinek\u00ee din dir\u00eaj dikin. B\u00fbyer\u00ean di sedsala daw\u00ee ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een de diqewimin, v\u00ee hukm\u00ea em didin pi\u015ftrast dikin. Civaka Rojhilata Nav\u00een tevahiya d\u00eerok\u00ea, heta beriya bi deh hezar salan di nava yekpareb\u00fbneke \u00e7and\u00ee de jiyanek ava kir \u00fb di nava agir\u00ea \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem\u00een de, ev jiyan ji aliy\u00ea h\u00eaz\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ve bi away\u00ea qesabek\u00ee hat h\u00fbrkirin \u00fb ji \u00eensafa cinawir\u00ean bi nav\u00ea netew-dewlet re hat hi\u015ftin. Netew-dewlet bi awayek\u00ee her\u00ee berbi\u00e7av rew\u015fa Lev\u00eeethan \u00eefade dikin ku di Pirt\u00fbka P\u00eeroz de dewlet bi Lev\u00eeethan re wekhev t\u00ea d\u00eetin. \u00cecar ev netew-dewleta weke Lev\u00eeathan t\u00ea d\u00eetin bi derew\u00ean ji wan re pol\u00eet\u00eeka derve \u00fb hundir t\u00ea gotin rastiyan par\u00e7e dike \u00fb dadiqurt\u00eene, ji v\u00ea j\u00ee w\u00eadetir bi roleke din ranabe. \u00c7anda civak\u00ee ya ketiye ser hev \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea d\u00eerok\u00ee ve yekpareb\u00fbneke mezin \u00eefade dike, dabe\u015f\u00ee par\u00e7eyan dikin, li ser maseya \u00eenkar \u00fb \u00eemhay\u00ea radixin \u00fb ji v\u00ea re j\u00ee civaka netewey\u00ee ya modern dib\u00eajin. \u00c7anda d\u00eerok\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee \u00e7iqas\u00ee par\u00e7e kirin \u00fb bi v\u00ee away\u00ee \u00eenkar \u00fb \u00eemha kirin, xwe ewqas\u00ee serket\u00ee hesibandin. Netew-dewlet\u00ean bi rola qesab\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest rab\u00fbn, \u00e7iqas\u00ee kar\u00eeb\u00fbn \u00eemha \u00fb \u00eenkara rabihuriy\u00ea bikin \u00fb li \u015f\u00fbn\u00ea saziy\u00ean ajan \u00ean s\u00eestem\u00ea \u00fb z\u00eahniyet\u00ean oryantal\u00eest serwer bikin, xwe li hember\u00ee efendiy\u00ean xwe ewqas\u00ee serket\u00ee \u00fb bextewar hesibandin. Ji aliy\u00ea \u00e7anda Rojhilata Nav\u00een ve di sedsala daw\u00ee de dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea \u00fb p\u00eakan\u00een\u00ean ji wan re pol\u00eet\u00eeka derve \u00fb hundir dihat gotin bi awayek\u00ee gi\u015ft\u00ee tevger\u00ean qirkirin\u00ea ne. Ji z\u00eahniyet\u00ea heta bi c\u00eehan\u00ean ekonom\u00eek ti\u015fta hatiye kirin ew e, yekpareb\u00fbna rastiy\u00ea hatiye par\u00e7ekirin \u00fb xistine rew\u015fek\u00ea ku h\u00eaman\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest karibin wan bixwin \u00fb daqurt\u00eenin. Bi ten\u00ea ji b\u00fbyer\u00ean \u00eero roj li Iraq\u00ea diqewimin em dikarin gelek ti\u015ftan h\u00een bibin \u00fb bi h\u00easan\u00ee em dikarin p\u00ea sedsala daw\u00ee binirx\u00eenin. Teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek, beriya her ti\u015ft\u00ee h\u00fbnandina c\u00eehana z\u00eahn\u00ee ya rawestandina bi v\u00ee \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea qesab par\u00e7ekirin \u00fb gurandina yekpareb\u00fbna \u00e7and\u00ee ye ango h\u00fbnandina c\u00eehana z\u00eahn\u00ee ya rawestandina netew-dewlet\u00ea \u00fb ji n\u00fb ve destp\u00eakirina yekpareb\u00fbn\u00ea ye. Teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek hewl dide c\u00eehana \u00e7and\u00ee ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een li bin t\u00eag\u00eena Yek\u00eetiya Neteweya Demokrat\u00eek yekpare bike \u00fb weke prens\u00eeb v\u00ea li p\u00ea\u015f digire \u00fb bi nirx dib\u00eene. C\u00eehana me ya \u00e7and\u00ee tevahiya serdem\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ea y\u00ean di wan de hat avakirin, bi tevahiya cih\u00earengiya xwe yekpare b\u00fb; div\u00ea ew weke alternat\u00eefa modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest, li bin v\u00ea t\u00eag\u00een\u00ea were yekparekirin. Em li sedsala daw\u00ee bin\u00earin: Rew\u015f her ber bi par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea ve beridiye. Qewm\u00ea Ereb bi ten\u00ea dabe\u015f\u00ee b\u00eest\u00fbdu netew-dewletan neb\u00fbye; her yek ji wan weke pro-netew-dewlet mis\u00eawa dabe\u015f\u00ee bi sedan z\u00eahniyet\u00ean bi hev re nakok, r\u00eaxistin, e\u015f\u00eer \u00fb mezheb\u00ean bi hev re dijber b\u00fbye. Armanca felsefeya l\u00eeberal j\u00ee di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya m\u00eatingeriy\u00ea de ev e. Ferdperestiya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ji bo civak\u00ea atom\u00eeze bike xwed\u00ee potansiyeleke b\u00eadaw\u00ee ye. Lewma teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek li ser riya di\u00e7e ji n\u00fb ve yekpareb\u00fbna demokrat\u00eek \u00fb azad, yekparetiya bingeh\u00een a prens\u00eeb\u00ee \u00eefade dike. Ji ber ku me teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek di cild\u00ean din de anal\u00eez kirib\u00fb em \u00ea li vir z\u00eade li ser naveroka w\u00ea ranewestin. Bi kurt\u00ee, li gor\u00ee v\u00ea teoriy\u00ea ji bo neteweb\u00fby\u00een\u00ea p\u00eadiv\u00ee bi t\u00eagihi\u015ftineke hi\u015fk a s\u00eenor n\u00een e, li heman mekanan \u00fb heta li bajaran netewey\u00ean cuda di nava yekpareb\u00fbn\u00ean cih\u00eareng de dikarin xwe bi t\u00eagihi\u015ftina neteweyek\u00ee bi jorkom\u00ean neteweyan ava bikin. Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee kom\u00ean netewey\u00ee y\u00ean mezin \u00fb kom\u00ean netewey\u00ee y\u00ean pi\u00e7\u00fbk \u00ean ji bo s\u00eenoran \u015fer dikin w\u00ea tev\u00ee hindikayiyan karibin di nava yekpareb\u00fbneke netewey\u00ee de bi awayek\u00ee wekhev, azad \u00fb demokrat\u00eek bim\u00eenin. Keng\u00ee bi ten\u00ea ev prens\u00eeb hat bicihan\u00een pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean s\u00eestema hegemon\u00eek \u00ean \u2018par\u00e7e bike-bi r\u00eave bibe\u2019 \u00fb \u2018k\u00eevro\u015fk bazde, taj\u00ee bigire\u2019 w\u00ea p\u00fb\u00e7 bibin. Ev prens\u00eeb di war\u00ea bicihan\u00eena a\u015ftiy\u00ea, wekheviy\u00ea \u00fb demokrat\u00eezekirin\u00ea de xwed\u00ee nirxek\u00ee ye, \u00fb keng\u00ee bi van aliy\u00ean xwe ve hat bicihan\u00een p\u00eakan\u00een\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea y\u00ean gelac, \u015fer\u00fbd, koleker, tebeqeker,despot\u00eek \u00fb fa\u015f\u00eest w\u00ea p\u00fb\u00e7 bike, bi v\u00ee away\u00ee j\u00ee w\u00ea di war\u00ea \u00e7areseriy\u00ea de rola xwe ya serdest \u00eespat bike. Mirov bi ten\u00ea dikare bi z\u00eahniyeta neteweya demokrat\u00eek milletperestiya netew-dewlet\u00ea ya tekperest \u00fb mutleqker rawest\u00eene. Ne bi ten\u00ea dabe\u015fb\u00fbn \u00fb par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ean b\u00eadaw\u00ee y\u00ean Ereban, ji bo par\u00e7eb\u00fbn \u00fb dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ean bi heman reng\u00ee y\u00ean Tirkan j\u00ee b\u00eane rawestandin prens\u00eeb \u00fb teoriya her\u00ee di cih de ye. Ji Balkanan heta bi Qafqasan, ji Asya Nav\u00een heta bi Rojhilata Nav\u00een Tirk\u00ean li gelek dever\u00ean dinyay\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee dabe\u015fb\u00fby\u00ee, par\u00e7eb\u00fby\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7avkor\u00ee li pey xweday\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ea di\u00e7in, li ser bingeh\u00ea z\u00eahniyet\u00ean metafiz\u00eek \u00fb poz\u00eet\u00eev\u00eest \u00ean oryantal\u00eest pev di\u00e7in, dikevin qirika hev, l\u00ea karin bi teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek ji van bibihurin \u00fb li ser prens\u00eeb\u00ean wekhev\u00ee, azad\u00ee \u00fb demokrasiy\u00ea bigih\u00eejin hev. Potansiyela \u00ceran\u00ea heye her k\u00eal\u00ee par\u00e7e \u00fb dabe\u015f bibe, lewma netew-dewlet ji bo w\u00ea weke bombeyeke atom\u00ea ye ku di bin\u00ea w\u00ea de hatiye dan\u00een. Milletperestiya \u015e\u00eea bi awayek\u00ee domdar dewletdariya netewe dijwartir dike \u00fb tev\u00ee cambaziy\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean modern\u00eetey\u00ea hem\u00fbyan j\u00ee ev yek \u00ea par\u00e7eb\u00fbn \u00fb dabe\u015fb\u00fbna \u00ceran\u00ea ranewest\u00eene, berevaj\u00ee w\u00ea b\u00eahtir bi lez bike. Teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek nexasim ji bo \u00ceran\u00ea weke derman e ku div\u00ea rojane were bikaran\u00een. \u00c7anda \u00ceran\u00ea \u00fb gel\u00ea w\u00ea li dij\u00ee modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest berxwed\u00ear in, \u00fb bi ten\u00ea bi z\u00eahniyeta neteweya demokrat\u00eek dikarin bigih\u00eejin c\u00eehana azad\u00ee, wekhev\u00ee \u00fb demokrat\u00eek a bi hesreta w\u00ea ne. Bi teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek \u00ceran dikare re\u015fkuj\u00ee \u00fb komploy\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea y\u00ean bi hev didin \u015ferkirin p\u00fb\u00e7 bike \u00fb bigih\u00eeje a\u015ftiyeke bi r\u00fbmet. Di roja me ya \u00eero de yek ji felaket\u00ean her\u00ee mezin di war\u00ea as\u00eamay\u00eena netew-dewlet\u00ea de li ser xeta Afganistan-Pakistan\u00ea p\u00eak t\u00ea. Her weha bi v\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee pirsgir\u00eaka Ke\u015fm\u00eer\u00ea j\u00ee bi temam\u00ee ji ber netew-dewletpar\u00eaziy\u00ea ye. Pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean Pakistan-Hindistan\u00ea, Pakistan-Banglade\u015f\u00ea ji ber heman z\u00eahniyeta milletperest p\u00eak hatine, h\u00ea j\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00ean. \u00c7areser\u00ee \u00fb a\u015ftiy\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea li gor\u00ee xwezaya w\u00ea r\u00ea li ber \u015fer \u00fb \u00e7areserneb\u00fbn\u00ea vedikin. Ev m\u00eenak\u00ean berbi\u00e7av j\u00ee v\u00ea rastiy\u00ea t\u00eara xwe rave dikin. Li Afganistan\u00ea xwestin model\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea y\u00ean hem komarger, hem monar\u015f\u00eek, hem j\u00ee sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eenin. Di encam\u00ea de civakeke Afganistan\u00ea ya jihevdeket\u00ee \u00fb nikare xwe dewam bike di nava \u015f\u00eeddeta \u00e7avkor\u00ee ya ti prens\u00eeba w\u00ea n\u00een e \u00fb \u00e7avsorb\u00fby\u00ee de heye. Ji bil\u00ee t\u00eag\u00een \u00fb teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek ti z\u00eahniyet \u00fb \u00eerade n\u00een e ku van koman ji n\u00fb ve bi r\u00eak\u00fbp\u00eak bike \u00fb bigih\u00eene azad\u00ee \u00fb jiyaneke demokrat\u00eek. Pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean civak\u00ee heta bi awayek\u00ee z\u00eahn\u00ee ji hev ney\u00ean derxistin, bi away\u00ea avab\u00fbn\u00ea \u00e7areser nabin. Z\u00eahniyeta neteweya demokrat\u00eek ji Asya Nav\u00een heta bi Hindistan\u00ea ji bo gel \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ean gelek\u00ee cih\u00eareng \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya yekpareb\u00fbn\u00ea ya her\u00ee ba\u015f p\u00eak t\u00eene. Jixwe gel \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ean li van mekanan tevahiya d\u00eerok\u00ea li bin ban\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean hevpar \u00ean m\u00eena konfederal \u00fb \u00eemparatoriyan mane, \u00eedeal j\u00ee nebe, bi v\u00ee away\u00ee heb\u00fbn \u00fb xweseriy\u00ean xwe kar\u00eeb\u00fbne bipar\u00eazin. Milletperest\u00ee \u00e7i bi awayek\u00ee la\u00eek \u00fb \u00e7i bi awayek\u00ee d\u00eenperest\u00ee bibe, heta z\u00eahniyeta netew-dewlet dewam bike, biv\u00eanev\u00ea civak \u00ea b\u00eahtir ji hev de bikevin \u00fb li dij\u00ee hev \u015fer bikin. W\u00ea \u00ceslamiyeta \u00eedd\u00eea dikin ku gelek\u00ee p\u00eave gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne j\u00ee weke \u00eedeolojiyeke teror\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dikin \u00fb bi v\u00ee away\u00ee v\u00ea r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea j\u00ee gelek\u00ee ney\u00ean\u00ee dikin. Yek\u00eetiy\u00ean netewey\u00ee y\u00ean demokrat\u00eek \u00e7i qas\u00ee ku ji bo \u00ceran\u00ea, div\u00ea ewqas\u00ee ji bo van cografyay\u00ean berfireh p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb bi w\u00ea re di zikhev de li nava Rojhilata Nav\u00een b\u00eane p\u00eakan\u00een. Netew-dewlet y\u00ean m\u00eena Pakistan\u00ea ji niha ve gelek\u00ee ji hev de dikevin \u00fb alternat\u00eefa v\u00ea ya her\u00ee di cih de projeyeke Yek\u00eetiya Netewey\u00ee ya Demokrat\u00eek a li nava Rojhilata Nav\u00een e. T\u00eag\u00een \u00fb teoriya neteweya demokrat\u00eek ji bo rastiya kakila hegemon\u00eek a netew-dewleta \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea j\u00ee bi roleke heyat\u00ee ya \u00e7areserker radibe. Ji bo pa\u015feroj\u00ea du r\u00ea li p\u00ea\u015fiya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea hene. Riya yek\u00ea, bi xeta xwe ya hey\u00ee ji bo hegemonya xwe dewam bike hing\u00ea w\u00ea tim\u00ee \u015fer bike \u00fb bibe \u00eemparatoriyeke her\u00eam\u00ee. \u00c7awa ku t\u00ea zan\u00een, ji N\u00eel\u00ea heta bi Firat\u00ea, heta j\u00ea j\u00ee w\u00eadetir projeya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea ya hegemon\u00eek heye. Ev projeyek e ku pi\u015ft\u00ee \u00cemparatoriya Osman\u00ee hatiye \u00e7\u00eakirin. Her \u00e7iqas\u00ee di p\u00eakan\u00eena v\u00ea projey\u00ea de gelek\u00ee gav hatibin av\u00eatin j\u00ee di war\u00ea gihi\u015ftina w\u00ea ya armanc\u00ea de h\u00ea j\u00ee k\u00eam e. Di dem\u00ean dawiy\u00ea de \u00ceran derdikeve p\u00ea\u015fiya w\u00ea \u00fb \u00ceran j\u00ee bi heman away\u00ee xwed\u00ee hesab\u00ean hegemon\u00eek e, \u00fb ev dike ku di navbera wan de nexwe\u015f\u00ee \u00fb tengezar\u00ee \u00e7\u00eabibe. Di navbera w\u00ea \u00fb Tirkiy\u00ea de j\u00ee nexwe\u015fiyek heye, l\u00ea nay\u00ea zan\u00een ka ev \u00e7iqas\u00ee cidd\u00ee ye. Di v\u00ea qonax\u00ea de mirov dib\u00eene ku w\u00ea p\u00eavajoyeke bi \u015fer a hegemonya her\u00eam\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00ea. Biv\u00eanev\u00ea ev pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean ji ber netew-dewlet\u00ea derdikevin hol\u00ea w\u00ea mezintir bibin; hesab\u00ean hegemon\u00eek \u00ean li beramber\u00ee hev bi xwe r\u00ea li ber van pirsgir\u00eakan vedikin. Ji bo \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea \u00fb gel\u00ean Cih\u00fb riya duyem\u00een ew e, ji nava \u00e7embera dijminan a her tim xurt dibe dikare derkeve, tevl\u00ee projeya Yek\u00eetiya Netewey\u00ee ya Demokrat\u00eek bibe \u00fb li ser v\u00ee bingeh\u00ee ji bo gavav\u00eatin\u00ea dikare bibe xwed\u00ee \u00eensiyat\u00eef. Sermayeya madd\u00ee \u00fb entelektuel a li pi\u015fta \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea ji bo projeya Yek\u00eetiya Netewey\u00ee ya Demokrat\u00eek dikare bi roleke gir\u00eeng rabe. Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee hem dikare xwe weke neteweyeke demokrat\u00eek b\u00eahtir t\u00eak\u00fbz bike, hem j\u00ee dikare v\u00ea li nava Rojhilata Nav\u00een di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya yek\u00eetiya netewey\u00ee ya demokrat\u00eek de p\u00eak b\u00eene, \u00fb p\u00ea bigih\u00eeje w\u00ea a\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb ewlekariya may\u00eende ya gelek\u00ee hewcedar\u00ee w\u00ea ye. Felaket\u00ean her\u00ee mezin \u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea r\u00ea li ber wan vekiriye, li Rojhilata Nav\u00een der bar\u00ea wan gelan de ye ku hewl dan wan qir bikin. Gel\u00ean Helen, Ermen\u00ee, Suryan\u00ee \u00fb Kurd \u00ean li Anatolya \u00fb Mezopotamyay\u00ea z\u00fb ketin xefika milletperestiy\u00ea, tev\u00ee ku tems\u00eela \u00e7and\u00ean xwecih\u00ee y\u00ean her\u00ee kevin \u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ea dikirin j\u00ee ezm\u00fbn\u00ean dused sal\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea ew an\u00een ber tesfiyey\u00ea. Milletperestiya neteweya serwer a bi awayek\u00ee \u00e7avsor\u00ee hewl da di nava s\u00eenor\u00ean hi\u015fk de civaka netewey\u00ee ya homojen biafir\u00eene ji bo van gelan bi awayek\u00ee rast\u00ee veguher\u00ee felaketeke mezin. Eger t\u00eagihi\u015ftina neteweperestiy\u00ea ya modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest neb\u00fbya, ev felaket j\u00ee w\u00ea p\u00eak nehatana. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea el\u00eeta Tirk\u00ea Sp\u00ee afirand. Mirov nikare li bernamey\u00ean afirandina netewey\u00ean homojen ji p\u00eadiviya daneheva sermayey\u00ea serbixwe bifikire. Ji aliy\u00ea kategor\u00eek ve y\u00ean ji qirkirin\u00ea div\u00ea berpirsiyar b\u00eane d\u00eetin Tirk n\u00een in, m\u00eena li cem Elmanan, demek\u00ea y\u00ean ku li pey kap\u00eetal\u00eezma m\u00eell\u00ee \u00e7\u00fbn komeke marj\u00eenal b\u00fbn. Di v\u00ea de, ne bi ten\u00ea para berpirsiyariy\u00ea ya milletperest\u00ean neteweya serwer e, di hi\u015fyarkirina cinawir\u00ea bi nav\u00ea netew-dewlet de milletperest\u00ean neteweya bindest j\u00ee para wan a berpirsiyariy\u00ea heye. Li gor\u00ee ku careke din p\u00eakan n\u00een e, y\u00ean hatine \u00eemhakirin ji n\u00fb ve b\u00eane vejandin, bi ten\u00ea z\u00eahniyeta neteweya demokrat\u00eek dikare y\u00ean may\u00ee bi away\u00ea wan \u00ean hindikay\u00ee li ser piyan bigire. M\u00eenak dema xwestib\u00fbn netew-dewleta Tirk\u00ea Sp\u00ee li Stenbol\u00ea ferz bikin, ji bo tevahiya \u00e7and\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee y\u00ean li baj\u00ear fermana mirin\u00ea hatib\u00fb day\u00een an j\u00ee terq\u00eena wan hatib\u00fb xwendin. Eger bi temam\u00ee tesfiyekariya \u00e7and\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00ea hing\u00ea dawiy\u00ea w\u00ea Stenboleke yek\u00e7and bim\u00eene \u00fb ew j\u00ee fa\u015f\u00eezma \u00e7and\u00ee bi xwe ye, \u00fb ne ti\u015ftek\u00ee din e. L\u00ea eger li Stenbol\u00ea z\u00eahniyeta neteweya demokrat\u00eek p\u00eak b\u00ea, hing\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee e\u015fkere Stenbol \u00ea di nava dewlemendiya \u00e7anda d\u00eerok\u00ee de be. Mirov ji v\u00ee al\u00ee ve dikare li \u00e7and\u00ean Anatolya \u00fb Mezopotamyay\u00ea j\u00ee bin\u00eare. Bi ten\u00ea z\u00eahniyeta neteweya demokrat\u00eek dikare tevahiya \u00e7and\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee di nava a\u015ft\u00ee, wekhev\u00ee, azad\u00ee \u00fb demokrasiy\u00ea de li cem hev bigire. Her \u00e7and \u00ea ji aliyek\u00ee ve xwe weke komeke netewey\u00ee ya demokrat\u00eek ava bike, li aliy\u00ea din j\u00ee bi \u00e7and\u00ean din re ku di nava hev de ne, w\u00ea di asteke jor de bi yek\u00eetiyeke netewey\u00ee ya demokrat\u00eek bij\u00ee. Pi\u015ft\u00ee ku ji t\u00eagihi\u015ftina netewey\u00ee ya tekperest bihur\u00een w\u00ea bi xwe hewce neb\u00eenin ku hevdu bihel\u00eenin. Li \u015f\u00fbna v\u00ea, \u00e7awa ku di d\u00eerok\u00ea de b\u00fbye, w\u00ea di nava yekpareb\u00fbna \u00e7and\u00ee de bi hev re bin. E\u015fkere ye ku \u00ead\u00ee Ermen\u00ee, Helen \u00fb Suryan\u00ee w\u00ea nikaribin ji xwe re s\u00eenor\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea x\u00eaz bikin \u00fb ne\u00e7ar in heb\u00fbna xwe dewam bikin, lewma alternat\u00eefa her\u00ee di cih de z\u00eahniyeta yek\u00eetiya netewey\u00ee ya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb avakirina xweseriya demokrat\u00eek e. Bi dereng\u00ee be j\u00ee modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek ji bo tevahiya gel \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ean di heman p\u00eavajoyan re derbas b\u00fbne penageheke z\u00eahniyet\u00ea \u00fb xweseriya demokrat\u00eek j\u00ee modeleke ji n\u00fb ve bi gewdeb\u00fbn\u00ea ye. Li her\u00eam\u00ea m\u00eerateya dewlemend bi ten\u00ea ji heb\u00fbn\u00ean etn\u00eek \u00fb netewey\u00ee p\u00eak nay\u00ea. D\u00een \u00fb mezheb j\u00ee kom\u00ean li guhereke berfireh in. Mezheb \u00fb d\u00een bi \u015f\u00eawey\u00ean ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm \u00fb modern bi reng\u00ean n\u00fb y\u00ean digirin pirsgir\u00eakeke cidd\u00ee ya tems\u00eel\u00ea ne. Netew-dewletpar\u00eaziy\u00ea be\u015feke mezin ji wan j\u00ee tesfiye kir. L\u00ea ji ber ku netew-dewlet bi xwe diheze, ev m\u00eeratey\u00ean dewlemend \u00ean \u00e7anda d\u00eerok\u00ee bi ten\u00ea dikarin xwe di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya t\u00eag\u00een \u00fb teoriy\u00ean neteweya demokrat\u00eek de \u00eefade bikin. Hem ji ber t\u00eagihi\u015ftin\u00ean wan \u00ean z\u00eahniyet\u00ea hem j\u00ee ji ber \u015f\u00eawey\u00ean wan \u00ean avab\u00fbn\u00ea, neteweya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb xweseriya demokrat\u00eek ji bo wan modela her\u00ee di cih de ye. Li dij\u00ee felaketa bi nav\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ea, ji bo tevahiya qad\u00ean bi heman reng\u00ee y\u00ean civaka d\u00eerok\u00ee, civaka netewey\u00ee ya demokrat\u00eek garantiya jiyana a\u015ftiyane, wekhev\u00ee, azad\u00ee \u00fb demokrat\u00eek e. Li Rojhilata Nav\u00een netew-dewletpar\u00eaziy\u00ea Kurd par\u00e7e kirin, li her par\u00e7ey\u00ee j\u00ee \u00eemha \u00fb as\u00eem\u00eelasyon\u00ean cuda ferz kirin, lewma j\u00ee di v\u00ea tabloy\u00ea de rew\u015fa Kurdan tam felaket e. Ne bi temam\u00ee dikarin bi fiz\u00eek\u00ee, ne j\u00ee dikarin bi \u00e7and\u00ee tesfiye bikin. Kurd m\u00eena ruhberek\u00ee demeke dir\u00eaj li ber ruh dide, diperpite. Gelek\u00ee wisa ye ku hema b\u00eaje m\u00eena w\u00ee li dinyay\u00ea tine ye. Ne bi ten\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea z\u00eahn\u00ee ve seqet b\u00fbye, ji aliy\u00ea beden \u00fb gewde ve j\u00ee hatiye par\u00e7ekirin. Ji aliy\u00ea civak\u00ee ve j\u00ee r\u00ea li ber \u015f\u00eawazek\u00ee jiyan\u00ea y\u00ea bir\u00eendar vekirine. Ne jiyana ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea maye, ne jiyana modern heye. Jixwe heta dema dawiy\u00ea j\u00ee maf\u00ea terc\u00eeh\u00ea ji dest\u00ea w\u00ee hatib\u00fb stendin. B\u00eaguman ev rew\u015f ji ber netew-dewlet\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest avakir\u00ee derdiket hol\u00ea. Hewldan\u00ean Kurdan \u00ean ji bo netew-dewletek\u00ea bi ser neketib\u00fbn. Lewma avakirina Kurdan a netew-dewletek\u00ea bi berjewendiy\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest re li hev nekirib\u00fb \u00fb di v\u00ee war\u00ee de \u015fens\u00ea wan neme\u015fiyab\u00fb. Roja me ya \u00eero, netew-dewleta li Kurdistana Iraq\u00ea dixwazin p\u00eak b\u00eenin, ji n\u00eaz ve bi hesab\u00ean hegemon\u00eek \u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Netew-dewleteke Kurd a m\u00een\u00eemal\u00eest dibe ku bi k\u00eara s\u00eestem\u00ea b\u00ea. Tehl\u00fbkeya w\u00ea ev e: Dema s\u00eestem bib\u00eaje \u201cLi gor\u00ee berjewendiy\u00ean me n\u00een e\u201d ji n\u00fb ve her k\u00eal\u00ee dikare r\u00ea li ber tevkuj\u00ee \u00fb qirkirinan veke. Min be\u015fek\u00ee mezin \u00ea par\u00eaznameya xwe ji diyardeya Kurd, pirsgir\u00eaka Kurd \u00fb \u00e7areseriya w\u00ea re veqetand. Rizgarb\u00fbna ji v\u00ea statuya xeternak an b\u00eastatutiy\u00ea ku me bi kurt\u00ee ji n\u00fb ve da nas\u00een, e\u015fkere ye ku bi ten\u00ea bi modela neteweya demokrat\u00eek dibe. Neteweya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb xweseriya demokrat\u00eek weke z\u00eahniyet \u00fb avab\u00fbn r\u00ea didin ku b\u00eay\u00ee netew-dewlet\u00ean hey\u00ee b\u00eane hilwe\u015fandin, \u00e7awa ku li gelemperiya dinyay\u00ea j\u00ee t\u00ea d\u00eetin, r\u00eaveber\u00ee b\u00eane parvekirin \u00fb jiyana bi hev re p\u00eak b\u00ea. Ji bo v\u00ea j\u00ee ya hewce rej\u00eema dest\u00fbra bingeh\u00een a demokrat\u00eek e. \u2018Komara Kurdistan a Serbixwe \u00fb Yekb\u00fby\u00ee\u2019 amentuya Kurdan e, \u00fb alternat\u00eefa w\u00ea \u2018Kurdistana Konfederal a Demokrat\u00eek\u2019 e. Di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya v\u00ea alternat\u00eef\u00ea de dest\u00ea xwe nade s\u00eenor\u00ean hey\u00ee, berevaj\u00ee s\u00eenor\u00ean hey\u00ee weke sedema Yek\u00eetiya Netewey\u00ee ya Demokrat\u00eek a Rojhilata Nav\u00een qeb\u00fbl dike. Di nava v\u00ea model\u00ea de gelek kom\u00ean \u00e7and \u00fb gelan dikarin xwe weke yek\u00eetiy\u00ean federe bi r\u00eaxistin bikin. Li heman xwecih\u00ee, li heman bajar\u00ee, her cure kom\u00ean etn\u00eek, d\u00een\u00ee, mezheb\u00ee \u00fb cins\u00ee dikarin di nava a\u015ft\u00ee, wekhev\u00ee, azad\u00ee \u00fb demokrasiy\u00ea de bi hev re bim\u00eenin. Kurdistana Konfederal a Demokrat\u00eek her ku modela xwe ya neteweya demokrat\u00eek p\u00eak b\u00eene, w\u00ea her par\u00e7ey\u00ea w\u00ea bi civak\u00ean c\u00eeran re j\u00ee karibe bi h\u00easan\u00ee yek\u00eetiy\u00ean bi heman reng\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eene. Eger em bifikirin ku p\u00eakhatey\u00ean bi heman reng\u00ee li Tirkiy\u00ea, \u00ceran, Iraq \u00fb S\u00fbriy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbne, hing\u00ea e\u015fkere ye ku Kurdistana Konfederal a Demokrat\u00eek kakil\u00ea Yek\u00eetiya Netewey\u00ee ya Demokrat\u00eek a Rojhilata Nav\u00een e. Herdu diyarde \u015fens\u00ea wan heye di zikhev de p\u00eak b\u00ean. Jixwe yekpareb\u00fbna civak\u00ee \u00fb d\u00eerok\u00ee ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een j\u00ee v\u00ea ferz dike \u00fb li gor\u00ee v\u00ea ye. Li aliy\u00ea din, di van dem\u00ean dawiy\u00ea de DYE dixwaze Projeya Rojhilata Nav\u00een a Mezin bixe rojev\u00ea, l\u00ea ya rast\u00ee \u015fens\u00ea v\u00ea projey\u00ea z\u00eade tine ye. Jixwe ev proje xwe disp\u00eare netew-dewlet\u00ea. Gelek projey\u00ean bi heman reng\u00ee Rojhilata Nav\u00een xistine nava tevl\u00eeheviy\u00ea. Projeya dawiy\u00ea j\u00ee rew\u015f\u00ean r\u00ea li ber wan vekirine cuda n\u00een in. Heta mentiq\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ea ney\u00ea terikandin, ti proje nikare Rojhilata Nav\u00een ji nava p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ean k\u00fbr \u00fb pirsgir\u00eakan rizgar bike, ji \u015fer \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbnan d\u00fbr bixe. Hem Yek\u00eetiya Ereb \u00fb hem j\u00ee R\u00eaxistina Konferansa \u00ceslam\u00ee bi sedema ku bi heman mentiq\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ea seqet b\u00fbne, ti pirsgir\u00eak \u00e7areser nekirine. Ji z\u00eahniyet \u00fb \u015f\u00eawey\u00ea avab\u00fbn\u00ea y\u00ea hey\u00ee nebihurin \u015fens\u00ea wan tine ti pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea \u00e7areser bikin. Her weha li dij\u00ee DYE \u00fb h\u00eaza hegemon a xwecih\u00ee \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea hem \u00ceran \u00fb hem j\u00ee Tirkiy\u00ea bi H\u00eezb\u00fbllah \u00fb El Qa\u00eedey\u00ea \u015fer\u00ean serdest\u00ee \u00fb bandorz\u00eadekirin\u00ea dime\u015f\u00eenin \u00fb ev pirsgir\u00eakan b\u00eahtir dikin ku nikaribin ji nav derkevin \u00fb ji v\u00ea j\u00ee w\u00eadetir bi k\u00eara ti\u015ftek\u00ee nay\u00ean. Hesab\u00ean wan \u00ean ji bo para xwe z\u00eade bikin, her k\u00eal\u00ee dibe ku berevaj\u00ee li wan vegerin. Bi tevah\u00ee van dek\u00fbdolab\u00ean ber\u00ea \u00fb n\u00fb y\u00ean netew-dewlet\u00ea Rojhilata Nav\u00een xistin rew\u015feke dar\u00ee \u00e7av. Bi nav\u00ea \u201cEm pirsgir\u00eakan \u00e7areser dikin, em d\u00eeplomasiya sifir pirsgir\u00eak dime\u015f\u00eenin\u201d pirsgir\u00eak b\u00eahtir mezin b\u00fbne, ji nav\u00ea nikarin derkevin \u00fb b\u00fbne m\u00eena gulokeke lihevgeriyay\u00ee. \u00c7awa ku me hewl da em n\u00ee\u015fan bidin, ev rew\u015fa Rojhilata Nav\u00een e\u015fkere ji ber netew-dewlet\u00ea ye, \u00fb ji ber \u015f\u00eawey\u00ea avab\u00fbn\u00ea ye. D\u00eesa me bi heman away\u00ee e\u015fkere dab\u00fb xuyakirin ku ji bo derketina ji v\u00ea rew\u015fa kaot\u00eek, z\u00eahniyeta neteweya demokrat\u00eek a modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb avahiya xweseriya demokrat\u00eek, parad\u00eegma n\u00fb \u00fb modela her\u00ee di cih de ya wekhev\u00eexwaz, azad\u00eexwaz \u00fb demokrat\u00eek e. Modelek e ku riya a\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb ewlekariyeke may\u00eende n\u00ee\u015fan\u00ee her kes\u00ee \u00fb her civak\u00ea dike.<\/p>\n

b- Ekonomiya komun a demokrat\u00eek li hember\u00ee meyla kara her\u00ee z\u00eade ya kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ku civak kiriye karker \u00fb koley\u00ean b\u00eakar, ji bo ji n\u00fb ve jiyaneke mirovane riya \u00e7areseriy\u00ea ye. Ekonom\u00ee diyardeyeke tevahiya d\u00eerok\u00ea her tim bi awayek\u00ee komun hatiye p\u00eakan\u00een. Ekonomiya b\u00eay\u00ee komun nabe. Maneya peyva ekonomiy\u00ea bi xwe j\u00ee \u2018qan\u00fbna komuna malbat\u00ea\u2019 ye. Ango weke malbat kar\u00fbbar\u00ean komunek\u00ea y\u00ean ji bo debar\u00ea ne. \u015e\u00eawaz\u00ea hey\u00een\u00ea y\u00ea civak\u00ea bi tevah\u00ee bi away\u00ea komun\u00ea ye. Di d\u00eerok\u00ea de ekonomiyeke bi ferd destp\u00eakir\u00ee tine ye. D\u00eerok \u00fb civak ekonomiya taybet nas nakin \u00fb bi k\u00eaman\u00ee bi qas\u00ee netew-dewlet\u00ea cinawirek e ku kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea afirandiye. Ekonomiya taybet tevahiya d\u00eerok\u00ea tim\u00ee bi \u2018dizekiy\u00ea\u2019 re wekhev hatiye d\u00eetin \u00fb marj\u00eenal hatiye hi\u015ftin. Bi mezinb\u00fbna modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest re weke kategoriyeke n\u00fb derketiye bazar\u00ea. Bi awayek\u00ee m\u00eena mi\u015fkek\u00ee tim\u00ee di bin\u00ea erd\u00ea de may\u00ee \u00fb b\u00fbye m\u00eena pis\u00eekeke derketiye r\u00fby\u00ea erd\u00ea \u00fb ketiye nava bazaran. Di d\u00eerok\u00ea de y\u00ean ji bo ekonomiya taybet an sermayey\u00ea beziyane tim\u00ee weke dizek hatine d\u00eetin \u00fb kirine ku ney\u00ean d\u00eetin. Bi mezinb\u00fbna hegemonya kap\u00eetal\u00eest re ev mi\u015fk\u00ean b\u00fbne pis\u00eek li ser bazaran serweriya xwe p\u00eak an\u00een \u00fb bi rast\u00ee ji bo civaka mirov b\u00fbn felaket. Bi tesp\u00eeta gelek\u00ee di cih de ya d\u00eeroknas Braudel, kap\u00eetal\u00eezm ne ekonom\u00ee ye, yekdestdar\u00ee ye ku bi armanca kar\u00ea li ser bazar\u00ea serweriya xwe \u00e7\u00eakiriye. \u00c7i kesayet\u00ean taybet bin, \u00e7i j\u00ee yekdestdariy\u00ean dewlet\u00ea bin, y\u00ean li ser ekonomiy\u00ea serweriya xwe p\u00eak an\u00een, pir ba\u015f serwext b\u00fbn ka \u00e7iqas\u00ee w\u00ea karibin komun\u00ea xira bikin ango r\u00eaxistiniya p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee ya mirov a ji bo debar\u00ea t\u00eak bibin w\u00ea karibin dizekiya xwe bikin. Yekdestdariya taybet an yekdestdariya dewlet\u00ea \u015f\u00ealandina ekonomiya komun e. Modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ji bo v\u00ea \u015f\u00ealandin\u00ea bike xwe dixe hezar \u00fb yek kiras \u00fb reng\u00ee \u00fb ev \u015f\u00ealandina w\u00ea hilwe\u015fandina bingeh\u00ea komun\u00ea ango civak\u00ea ye. Bi tevah\u00ee nexwe\u015f\u00ee \u00fb kr\u00eez\u00ean ekonom\u00eek bi jihevdeketin \u00fb hilwe\u015f\u00eena ekonomiya komun a bingeh\u00ea civak\u00ea dest p\u00ea dike. D\u00eeroka kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea d\u00eeroka hilwe\u015f\u00eena ekonomiya komun\u00ea ye. Encam ew e, felaketa her\u00ee mezin a civak\u00ee ya d\u00eerok\u00ea p\u00eak hatiye. Jihevdeketin \u00fb hilwe\u015f\u00eena ekonomiy\u00ea, sedema rast\u00ee ya hilwe\u015f\u00een \u00fb jihevdeketina tevahiya qada civak\u00ee, exlaq \u00fb siyaset\u00ea ye. Jihevdeketina ekonomiy\u00ea, jihevdeketina civak\u00ee bi xwe ye. Di v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea de li dawiy\u00ea bermahiy\u00ean b\u00eakar, b\u00eaexlaq \u00fb b\u00eapol\u00eet\u00eeka dim\u00eenin. Yekdestdariya dewletdar \u00fb taybet a kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ev e. Ji ber v\u00ea ye, di \u00e7arsed sal\u00ean dawiy\u00ea de li tevahiya dinyay\u00ea, nexasim di serdema kap\u00eetal f\u00eenans\u00ea ya roja me ya \u00eero de p\u00eax\u00eertengiya ji ber avab\u00fbn\u00ea derketiye asta her\u00ee jor \u00fb p\u00eak t\u00ea, di salek\u00ea de \u00e7arsed m\u00eelyon mirov b\u00eakar hi\u015ftine. Jihevdeketina di civaka Rojhilata Nav\u00een de b\u00eahtir balk\u00ea\u015f e. Jihevdeketina p\u00eanc\u00ee sal\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean jiyana komun\u00ea, r\u00ea li ber b\u00eakarmay\u00eena topyek\u00fbn vekiriye. Civaka Rojhilata Nav\u00een di ti dema d\u00eerok\u00ea de evqas\u00ee ji hev de neketib\u00fb. Jixwe civaka Rojhilata Nav\u00een hem ekonomiya komun p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee p\u00eak aniye, hem j\u00ee bi qonaxa hegemon\u00eek a kap\u00eetal\u00eest li nava dinyay\u00ea j\u00ea re p\u00ea\u015feng\u00ee kiriye. P\u00eax\u00eertengiya roja me ya \u00eero ketiy\u00ea, bi t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna jiyana komun a ji s\u00eased hezar sal\u00ee z\u00eadetir bi aql\u00ea xwe ava kir\u00ee re hevmane ye. Ji ber v\u00ea sedema d\u00eerok\u00ee ye ku felaketeke topyek\u00fbn bi ser\u00ea w\u00ea de t\u00ea. Encam\u00ean felaketa bi ser\u00ea w\u00ea de t\u00ean, bi ti faleketa hov a di d\u00eerok\u00ea de qewimiye mirov nikare bide ber hev. Ji ber ku di dema \u00eari\u015f\u00ean hov de j\u00ee jiyana komin her bingeh b\u00fb. Kes nedifikir\u00ee \u00fb kes\u00ee nedian\u00ee b\u00eera xwe ku dest\u00ea xwe bidiy\u00ea. Hov\u00eetiya kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea cara p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee bi mentiq\u00ea xwe y\u00ea her\u00ee \u00eebl\u00eeswar\u00ee aqil kir ku jiyana komun ji hev derxe \u00fb ji hev de bixe. Di v\u00ea de j\u00ee bi ser ket. Encam\u00ean v\u00ea serketina w\u00ea j\u00ee \u015fer\u00ean \u00e7arsed sal\u00ean dawiy\u00ea, talan\u00ean m\u00eatingeriy\u00ea, ji kolekirina civak\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee klas\u00eek xirabtir kolekirina civak\u00ea bi heqdestiy\u00ea \u00fb ji v\u00ea b\u00earehmtir j\u00ee b\u00eakarhi\u015ftina civak\u00ea ye; bi v\u00ee away\u00ee civak yekpareb\u00fbna xwe ya exlaq\u00ee \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eek ji dest dide; dewr\u00fbber \u00fb haw\u00eerdor\u00ea xira dike \u00fb tewazuna biyoloj\u00eek a dinyay\u00ea hildiwe\u015f\u00eene; bin erd\u00ea vala dike, ser erd\u00ea qir\u00eaj \u00fb gemar\u00ee dike; ev j\u00ee felaket in ku bi ser\u00ea avheway\u00ea de t\u00ean. E\u015fkere ye ku ji bil\u00ee ekonomiya komunal a modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek, tedb\u00eereke din n\u00een e p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee li encam\u00ean tehekumkar \u00ean ekonomiya dewletdar \u00fb l\u00eeberal a modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest bigire \u00fb ji heq\u00ea hilwe\u015f\u00een\u00ean v\u00ea encam\u00ea derkeve. Div\u00ea mirov li ekonomiya komun weke ved\u00eetin an doktr\u00eeneke n\u00fb nefikire. Ekonomiya komun planeke n\u00fb yan projeyek j\u00ee n\u00een e. Div\u00ea mirov w\u00ea weke \u015f\u00eawazek\u00ee hey\u00een\u00ea y\u00ea civaka mirov an heq\u00eeqeta w\u00ea ya b\u00eay\u00ee w\u00ea nabe f\u00eahm bike. Eger civak dixwaze li ser piyan bim\u00eene \u00fb heb\u00fbna xwe dewam bike, div\u00ea \u00fb ne\u00e7ar e ku ekonomiya komin\u00ea bike bingeh\u00ea xwe. Dema ku mirov dib\u00eaje ne\u00e7ar e yan j\u00ee div\u00ea wisa be, belk\u00ee ev gotin\u00ean \u015fert qan\u00fbneke hi\u015fk \u00eefade dikin. L\u00ea ji ber ku b\u00eay\u00ee ekonom\u00ee nabe \u00fb ev ekonom\u00ee j\u00ee b\u00eay\u00ee komun nabe, li vir \u015fert\u00ea div\u00ea \u00fb ne\u00e7ar e di cih de ye. Ne ten\u00ea li Rojhilata Nav\u00een, li tevahiya dinyay\u00ea, eger em dixwazin jiyana civak\u00ee dewam bikin, div\u00ea em ekonomiya komun bikin sereke. Ez sereke dib\u00eajim, ji ber ku em kap\u00eetal\u00eezma taybet \u00fb kap\u00eetal\u00eezma dewlet\u00ea m\u00eena bi k\u00earek\u00ea bibirin nikarin qut bikin \u00fb biav\u00eajin aliyek\u00ee. Mirov dikare weke ber\u00ea w\u00ea marj\u00eenal bike \u00fb div\u00ea mirov komun\u00ea j\u00ee bike sereke. Civaka Rojhilata Nav\u00een bi qas\u00ee Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea \u00fb her\u00eam\u00ean din \u00ean dinyay\u00ea bi kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea re li hev n\u00een e. Ew qeb\u00fbl nekiriye, w\u00ea xer\u00eeb dib\u00eene \u00fb j\u00ea d\u00fbr disekine. Ji ber ku reh\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean komun\u00ea xurt in. H\u00eamana ekonom\u00eek a komun a modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek a pala xwe daye teknoloj\u00ee \u00fb zanista serdem\u00ea ne ku bi ten\u00ea bi bandor\u00ean riz\u00eener, hilwe\u015f\u00eener \u00fb tar\u00fbmarker \u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea re ser\u00ee derdixe; ji bo jin\u00fbveavab\u00fbna tevahiya qad\u00ean civak\u00ee bingehek\u00ee qeh\u00eem dat\u00eene. L\u00ea kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea di sedsala daw\u00ee de ferd ewqas\u00ee aware, b\u00eakar \u00fb ant\u00eecivak\u00ee kirine, ji bo mirov wan ji n\u00fb ve h\u00een\u00ee ekonomiya komun bike p\u00eadiv\u00ee bi \u015fore\u015feke rast\u00ee ya civak\u00ee heye. Ferdperestiya l\u00eeberal bi qas\u00ee nexwe\u015fiya kans\u00ear\u00ea bi tehl\u00fbke ye. Eger mirov w\u00ea bi gir\u00eeng\u00ee derman bike dikare tevl\u00ee jiyana komun bike. Di v\u00ea de z\u00eahniyet \u00fb perwerdeya exlaq\u00ee bi roleke gir\u00eeng radibin. L\u00ea dema ku mirov ber bi ekonomiya komunal ve gav\u00ea biav\u00eaje, div\u00ea mirov ji b\u00eer neke ku ev b\u00eay\u00ee siyaseta demokrat\u00eek nabe \u00fb p\u00eaw\u00eest e ku mirov pir bi gir\u00eeng\u00ee li v\u00ea serwext bibe \u00fb p\u00eadiviy\u00ean w\u00ea bi cih b\u00eene. Her weha nabe ku mirov aliy\u00ea w\u00ea y\u00ea exlaq\u00ee j\u00ee pa\u015fguh bike. Bi kurt\u00ee, ji bo jin\u00fbveavakirina ekonomiya komun p\u00eadiv\u00ee bi perwerdeyeke hi\u015fk a \u00eedeoloj\u00eek, pol\u00eet\u00eek \u00fb exlaq\u00ee heye. Dema em dib\u00eajin ekonomiya komun, div\u00ea mirov bi ten\u00ea \u00e7end qadan ten\u00ea f\u00eahm neke, ji qada cotkariy\u00ea heta bi p\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00ea, ji xizmetan heta bi zanist \u00fb zenaetan gelek qadan f\u00eahm bike. Ekonomiya komun s\u00eestemek e, bi qas\u00ee li gund t\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015fxistin, li bajar j\u00ee t\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015fxistin. Heta ekonomiya gund-cotkariy\u00ea ya modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ew tine kir dikare bibe alternat\u00eefa ekonomiya baj\u00ear a b\u00fbye kans\u00ear \u00fb ev j\u00ee bi ten\u00ea li dora ekonomiya komun ava dibe. Ekonomiya komun a hemdem bi giran\u00ee ekonomiyeke gund-bajar e. Div\u00ea mirov ekonomiya gund-bajar \u015fa\u015f f\u00eahm neke. Ev nay\u00ea w\u00ea maney\u00ea mirov gund bike bajar \u00fb ne j\u00ee ji bajar veguhere gund. Div\u00ea mirov ekonomiya gund-bajar weke un\u00eeteya hemdem a civaka komunal f\u00eahm bike. Hemin di d\u00eerok\u00ea de meyla serdest bi karekter\u00ea gund-bajar b\u00fb. Gund \u00fb bajar bi awayek\u00ee nedurist ji hev veqetiyan \u00fb ev bi modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Tevahiya d\u00eerok\u00ea di ser\u00ee de li keviy\u00ean Firat, D\u00eecle, N\u00eel \u00fb \u00cendus-Pencab\u00ea, ekonomiy\u00ean li keviy\u00ean \u00e7eman gi\u015f komunal in. Jixwe ev ekonomiy\u00ean komunal in ku \u015faristan\u00ee mumkin kirin. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea bi meyla kara her\u00ee z\u00eade bi pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean bendavakirin\u00ea, ne bi ten\u00ea ekonomiya bi gundan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee hilwe\u015fand; erd\u00ean her\u00ee bi bereket, curey\u00ean nebatan, cins\u00ean heywanan \u00fb berhem\u00ean her\u00ee bedew \u00ean arkeoloj\u00eek \u00ean dinyay\u00ea daqurtand. Bi qas\u00ee \u00eemhay\u00ean civak\u00ee \u00eemhay\u00ean ekoloj\u00eek \u00fb arkeoloj\u00eek j\u00ee p\u00eak an\u00een. Bi ten\u00ea ekonomiya komun a bi ser siyaseta demokrat\u00eek ve dikare p\u00ea\u015fiy\u00ea li van hilwe\u015f\u00eenan hem\u00fbyan bigire. \u00cedeolojiy\u00ean \u015fore\u015fger \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean wan pir k\u00eam behsa ekonomiya komun kirine. Nexasim sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee kap\u00eetal\u00eezma dewlet\u00ea bi sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea re wekhev kir \u00fb v\u00ea r\u00ea li ber felaket\u00ean mezin vekir. Ev n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakat\u00ee bi qas\u00ee ku sosyal\u00eezm rizand ekonomiya komunal j\u00ee ji fonksiyana w\u00ea ya rast\u00ee kir. Bi nav\u00ea kolekt\u00eev\u00eezm\u00ea desteka her\u00ee mezin bi kap\u00eetal\u00eezma dewlet\u00ea daye kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea. Ekonomiya komun bi qas\u00ee ekonomiya taybet div\u00ea ekonomiya bi dest\u00ea dewlet\u00ea red bike, ya rast\u00ee tehekuma ekonom\u00eek qeb\u00fbl neke. Nexasim div\u00ea yekdestdariya dewlet\u00ea weke kolekt\u00eev\u00eezma komun a riziyay\u00ee bib\u00eene \u00fb di her \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ee de li dij\u00ee w\u00ea t\u00eabiko\u015fe. Her weha div\u00ea mirov van xus\u00fbsan j\u00ee ba\u015f zanibe: Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm j\u00ee ber bi roja me ya \u00eero di p\u00eavajoyeke wisa de ye, bi awayek\u00ee xwe vediguher\u00eene komun\u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00ean ji \u015f\u00eerket\u00ean malan p\u00eakhat\u00ee \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea CEO\u2019y\u00ean profesyonel (Chief Executive Officer) ve t\u00eane bir\u00eavebirin. Dixwaze v\u00ea p\u00eavajoy\u00ea di her qad\u00ea de bime\u015f\u00eene. Div\u00ea mirov v\u00ea weke xefikeke gir\u00eeng a kap\u00eetal\u00eezma l\u00eeberal bib\u00eene. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezma xwe weke s\u00eestema hold\u00eeng xistiye qalib\u00ean komun, her\u00ee z\u00eade bi v\u00ee away\u00ea xwe dijmin\u00ea ekonomiya komunal \u00fb civak\u00ea ye. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm bi away\u00ea xuya dike, her \u00e7iqas\u00ee \u00eedd\u00eea bike ku ji \u015f\u00eawey\u00ean ber\u00ea y\u00ean civak\u00ee bihuriye j\u00ee texs\u00eer nake xwe bi away\u00ean civaka qeb\u00eeley\u00ea bi r\u00eaxistin dike. Bi awayek\u00ee klant\u00ee \u00fb qeb\u00eeletiya modern dime\u015f\u00eene. Ji ber ku civak\u00ea li ser yekey\u00ean civaka komunal ango klan \u00fb qeb\u00eeleyan p\u00eak t\u00eenin, mezin dibe. L\u00ea modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest xwe bi awayek\u00ee cewher\u00ee li ser \u00eenkara \u015fikilgirtina civak\u00ee dih\u00fbne \u00fb p\u00eak t\u00eene. Dema xwe p\u00eak t\u00eene j\u00ee texs\u00eer nake qalib\u00ean ber\u00ea li gor\u00ee xwe difesil\u00eene. Netew-dewletpar\u00eaziy\u00ea, ji ber ku xwe li gor\u00ee yekdestdariy\u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eest bi gewde kiriye, naxwaze ekonomiya komun nas bike. Ya rast\u00ee, ew j\u00ee weke yekdestdariy\u00ea dixwaze li ser w\u00ea serweriya xwe \u00e7\u00eake. Netew-dewletgiriya li Rojhilata Nav\u00een jiyana komunal ji hev belav dike \u00fb bi \u00eedeaya \u00e7\u00eakirina civaka homojen radibe. Jiyana komunal \u00fb civaka cemaet li p\u00ea\u015fiya xwe weke asteng dib\u00eene. Civaka \u00eedeal a netew-dewletgiriy\u00ea girseyeke b\u00eak\u00ear e, ji tevahiya nasnameya d\u00eerok\u00ee ya komun \u00fb cemaet\u00ea \u015fu\u015ft\u00ee ye, b\u00eanasname \u00fb b\u00eakesayet e, b\u00fbye civakeke kole m\u00eena moriyan dixebite. Ya rast\u00ee, bi v\u00ee away\u00ee ango civak bibe girseyeke b\u00eak\u00ear nam\u00eene, diqede. F\u00eelozof\u00ean m\u00eena Nietzsche \u00fb Foucault dema gotin \u201cCivak an mirov ji aliy\u00ea modern\u00eetey\u00ea ve hat ku\u015ftin\u201d dixwazin behsa v\u00ea rastiy\u00ea bikin. Keng\u00ee civaka bi kesayet, bi nasname \u00fb bi komun b\u00ea hilwe\u015fandin, civaka girse ya b\u00eak\u00ear a b\u00eanasname \u00fb b\u00eakesayet \u00e7\u00eadibe ku ev civak xweser\u00ee modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest e, \u00fb t\u00eepa welat\u00ee ya netew-dewletpar\u00eaziy\u00ea ye. R\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ean naveroka xwe d\u00eerok\u00ee ku di bingeh\u00ea modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek de ne, tev bi nirx in. Ji van \u00ean sereke ekonomiy\u00ean pi\u015ftgir\u00ee (zibare \u00fb pal\u00fbte) \u00fb komun\u00ea bi rola yekeya bingeh\u00een radibin. Ekonomiya komun yekeya bingeh\u00een a neteweya demokrat\u00eek e. \u00c7awa ku yekdestdariy\u00ean ekonom\u00eek \u00ean tehekum\u00ea yekey\u00ean m\u00eatinkariya ekonom\u00eek \u00ean bingeh\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ea bin, yekey\u00ean ekonomiya komun j\u00ee yekey\u00ean jiyana ekonom\u00eek \u00ean bingeh\u00ea neteweya demokrat\u00eek in. Neteweya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek li ser ekonomiya komun mezin dibin. Em hewce nab\u00eenin ku naveroka ekonomiya komun\u00ea z\u00eade rave bikin. Ji komuneke malbat\u00ea bigirin heta bi neteweyeke demokrat\u00eek, li gor\u00ee p\u00eadiviy\u00ea mirov dikare ji aliy\u00ea hejmar\u00ea ve z\u00eade \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea naverok\u00ea ve b\u00eahejmar yekeyan ava bike. Komun\u00ean fabr\u00eeqe \u00fb cotkariy\u00ea y\u00ean \u00eedeal di ser\u00ea van de t\u00ean. D\u00eesa komun\u00ean \u00e7\u00fbn\u00fbhatin\u00ea, tenduristiy\u00ea, perwerdey\u00ea \u00fb kooperat\u00eef\u00ean bi gelek armancan ji wan t\u00eep\u00ean komunan in ku li p\u00ea\u015f t\u00ean. Ya gir\u00eeng ne ew e ku p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee komun b\u00eane diyarkirin, ya gir\u00eeng ew e, li gor\u00ee p\u00eadiv\u00ee \u00fb k\u00earhatin\u00ea her cure yekey\u00ean komunal bi hejmar \u00fb naverokeke di cih de b\u00ean avakirin \u00fb ti ferd b\u00ea komun ney\u00ea hi\u015ftin. Neteweya demokrat\u00eek ew netewe ye ku endam\u00ean xwe hem\u00fbyan bi komunan bi r\u00eaxistin \u00fb erkdar dike. Ferd\u00ea b\u00ea komun p\u00eakan n\u00een e, \u00fb eger bibe j\u00ee ew nexwe\u015f ketiye \u00fb ketiye ber \u00e7erxa riz\u00een\u00ea. Ferd\u00ean neteweya demokrat\u00eek, nexasim kadroy\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean avaker, wez\u00eefeya wan a bingeh\u00een ew e, ferdan hem\u00fbyan div\u00ea ji sed\u00ee sed bikin xebatkar\u00ean \u00e7alak \u00ean yek an j\u00ee \u00e7end komunan. Di roja me ya \u00eero de kom\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een ji nava p\u00eax\u00eertengiy\u00ean giran \u00ean di nav\u00ea de ne, di ser\u00ee de bi komun\u00ean ekonom\u00eek di her qad\u00ea de bi qas\u00ee ku bibin komun karin gav\u00ea biav\u00eajin. B\u00eay\u00ee komunan gavav\u00eatin nabe. R\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ee keng\u00ee bi jiyana komunal di nava aktual\u00eetey\u00ea de cih bigirin w\u00ea karibin heb\u00fbna xwe dewam bikin. R\u00ea\u00fbresm nay\u00ea teql\u00eedkirin, l\u00ea mirov pi\u015fta xwe nede r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea \u00fb xwe nesp\u00ear\u00ea j\u00ee nikare bij\u00ee. L\u00ea r\u00ea\u00fbresm bi nirx\u00ean afir\u00eener \u00ean aktuel ku xwe nesp\u00earin \u00eenkara r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea \u00fb teql\u00eeda w\u00ea, jiyana d\u00eerok\u00ee-civak\u00ee digih\u00eeje maneya xwe ya rast\u00ee. Di v\u00ea de r\u00ea\u00fbresma komunal a ekonom\u00eek bi rola sereke radibe. Komun\u00ean ekonom\u00eek ji bo tevahiya welatan dibin. Ji bo p\u00ea\u015f\u00eegirtina li b\u00eakar\u00ee \u00fb jihevdeketina civak\u00ea, gavav\u00eatina dema xebata komunal div\u00ea. Nexasim bi z\u00eahniyeta komun a xwen\u00fbkir\u00ee \u00fb li ser bingeh\u00ea r\u00eaxistiniya w\u00ea vegera li gund \u00fb cotkariy\u00ea XEBATA \u015eORE\u015eGER\u00ce ya her\u00ee h\u00eaja ye. \u015eore\u015fgeriya rast\u00ee ew e, mirov jiyana komunal a hey\u00eena me ya d\u00eerok\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00eene, di ser\u00ee de li qada ekonom\u00eek div\u00ea li qad\u00ean civak\u00ea hem\u00fbyan bi cih b\u00eene. \u00c7awa ku federal\u00eezma demokrat\u00eek \u00fb xweseriya demokrat\u00eek r\u00eaxistin\u00ee \u00fb bi saz\u00eeb\u00fbna jiyana pol\u00eet\u00eek a neteweya demokrat\u00eek e, yek\u00eeney\u00ean ekonom\u00eek \u00ean komunal j\u00ee bi saz\u00eeb\u00fbn \u00fb r\u00eaxistiniya jiyana ekonom\u00eek e. Federasyona Yek\u00eeney\u00ean Ekonom\u00eek komunal di asta xwecih\u00ee, netewey\u00ee \u00fb her\u00eam\u00ee de bingeh\u00ea ekonom\u00eek \u00ea Yek\u00eetiya Netewey\u00ee ya Demokrat\u00eek a Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00eefade dike. Kakil\u00ea h\u00eaza hegemon\u00eek \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea bi yek\u00eeney\u00ean ekonom\u00eek \u00ean bi nav\u00ea K\u00eebbutz\u00ea yekey\u00ean gelek\u00ee di\u015fibin ekonomiya komunal p\u00eak an\u00eene \u00fb ev j\u00ee serdestiya ekonomiya komunal \u00eespat dike. Eger dixwazin ji hegemonyadariya netew-dewleta \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea bibihurin di qada ekonom\u00eek de ji bil\u00ee gavav\u00eatina ekonomiya komunal riyeke din n\u00een e. Her weha rizgarb\u00fbna ji hegemonya kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00fb her cure m\u00eatinkariya w\u00ea ya yekdestdariy\u00ea bi ekonomiya n\u00fb ya komunal a bingeh\u00ea madd\u00ee y\u00ea wekhev\u00ee, azad\u00ee \u00fb demokrasiy\u00ea ye, dibe. Li Kurdistan\u00ea r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ean ekonom\u00eek \u00ean komunal bi zor \u00fb zehmet\u00ee be j\u00ee h\u00ea hewl didin li ser piyan bim\u00eenin, l\u00ea ji ber ku netew-dewlet\u00ea civak hilwe\u015fand p\u00ea re girsey\u00ean mezin \u00ean b\u00eakaran \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn, koletiya bi heqdesteke k\u00eam p\u00eak hat \u00fb mirov li ser erd\u00ean xwe b\u00fbn r\u00eancber, lewma ji bo kes\u00ean bi van sedeman maneya jiyan\u00ea \u00fb r\u00fbmeta xwe ji dest dane, jiyana ekonom\u00eek komunal a n\u00fbkir\u00ee riya bi ten\u00ea ya rizgariy\u00ea ye. Mirov roja me ya \u00eero li ser van erd\u00ean d\u00eerok \u00fb civak bi komun\u00ee p\u00eak hat, bi ten\u00ea dikare bi endustriya ekoloj\u00eek \u00fb ekonomiya komunal a neteweya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek li dij\u00ee modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00fb netew-dewletpar\u00eaziya w\u00ea, talana \u00eendustriyal\u00eezma w\u00ea \u00fb xebat\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean hilwe\u015f\u00eener \u00ean li pey kara her\u00ee z\u00eade, \u015fore\u015fa her\u00ee mezin p\u00eak b\u00eene. Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee di nava civakeke wekhev, azad \u00fb demokrat\u00eek de mirov dikare qadan bike cih\u00ean ewle, bi r\u00fbmet, delal \u00fb a\u015ftiyane.<\/p>\n

c- S\u00ea h\u00eaman\u00ean modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek hene \u00fb yek ji van h\u00eaman\u00ean sereke li dij\u00ee \u00eendustriyal\u00eezma kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00eendustriya ekoloj\u00eek e. Mirov dikare \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea weha bide naskirin, kap\u00eetal\u00eezm tekn\u00eek\u00ea ji bo meyla xwe ya kara her\u00ee z\u00eade bi awayek\u00ee b\u00eas\u00eenor bi kar t\u00eene. Meyla kara her\u00ee z\u00eade \u00e7awa ku dewlet weke am\u00fbr\u00ea desthilatdariya her\u00ee z\u00eade bi away\u00ea netew-dewlet\u00ea ji n\u00fb ve bi r\u00eaxistin kir, gur\u00e7\u00fbp\u00ea\u00e7iya tekn\u00eek\u00ea ya bi armanca kara her\u00ee z\u00eade j\u00ee bi away\u00ea \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea bi r\u00eaxistin kir. Tehl\u00fbkeya bingeh\u00een a \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea ew e, civaka c\u00eehanek w\u00ea ya zind\u00ee \u00fb bi his heye vediguher\u00eene goristana am\u00fbr\u00ean mekan\u00eek \u00fb civak\u00ea dike robot. Eger \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm ney\u00ea bis\u00eenorkirin, ti civak nikare c\u00eehana xwe ya hestan bi awayek\u00ee durist dewam bike. Mak\u00eenekirina civak\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee qonaxeke diyar w\u00ea veguhere hilwe\u015f\u00eena civak\u00ea. Aliy\u00ea kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea y\u00ea ji \u015fer b\u00eahtir bi tehl\u00fbke ew e, meyla w\u00ea heye \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea tim\u00ee her\u00ee mezin bike. Dinya ji niha ve b\u00fbye \u00eas\u00eer\u00ea am\u00fbr\u00ean feraz\u00ee \u00fb bajar\u00ean ji haw\u00eerdor\u00ea qut. \u00cendustriyal\u00eezm dike ku bajar m\u00eena kans\u00ear\u00ea z\u00eade bibin. Bajar b\u00fbne cinawir\u00ean dinya me ya zind\u00ee dadiqurt\u00eenin. Bajar\u00ean \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean wan bi m\u00eelyonan bi deh m\u00eelyonan ti maneyek wan a civak\u00ee tine ye \u00fb bi ti away\u00ee hewcedar\u00ee bi heb\u00fbna bajar\u00ean bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee tine ye, lewma bi awayek\u00ee kans\u00earwar\u00ee mezinb\u00fbna wan ji nexwe\u015fiy\u00ea b\u00eahtir ti maneya xwe n\u00een e. Bi v\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee, bi ten\u00ea qezay\u00ean r\u00ea li ber vedikin \u00fb mirina mirovan a di war\u00ea \u00e7\u00fbn\u00fbhatin\u00ea de ji niha ve ji b\u00eelan\u00e7oy\u00ean \u015feran bihuriye. D\u00eesa ji ber ku deng\u00ean nexwe\u015f derdixin, heway\u00ea qir\u00eaj dikin \u00fb gewdey\u00ea mirov t\u00eak dibin, ew \u00ead\u00ee ji am\u00fbr\u00ean \u00e7\u00fbn\u00fbhatin\u00ea derketine. He rweha yek ji qada sereke ya \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea am\u00fbr\u00ean feraz\u00ee, niv\u00eesk\u00ee \u00fb d\u00eet\u00een\u00ee ne ku t\u00eakiliya xwe bi heq\u00eeqet\u00ea re nemane \u00fb mirovat\u00ee h\u00een\u00ee c\u00eehaneke feraz\u00ee kirine. Ango kirine ku mirov b\u00fbne nexwe\u015f\u00ea wan \u00fb ser\u00ea xwe ji ser wan ranakin. Girsey\u00ean ferdan \u00ean t\u00eakiliya xwe ji civak\u00ea \u00fb heq\u00eeqet\u00ea qut, atom\u00eezeb\u00fbna civak\u00ea \u00eefade dikin. \u00cendustriya am\u00fbr\u00ean \u015fer \u00fb girsey\u00ean jihevdeket\u00ee \u00fb ji civakb\u00fbn\u00ea derket\u00ee, ji z\u00fb ve gihi\u015ftine w\u00ea ast\u00ea ku ji her al\u00ee ve civak\u00ea daqurt\u00eenin. Mirov weke ruhberek\u00ee bi haw\u00eerdora xwe heye, tev\u00ee gelek ruhber\u00ean li dewr\u00fbbera xwe \u2013 nebat \u00fb daristan j\u00ee di nava v\u00ea de ne \u2013ji aliy\u00ea \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea ve di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke ekoloj\u00eek de t\u00ea daqurtandin. B\u00eaguman li dij\u00ee tekn\u00eek\u00ean \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea y\u00ean b\u00fbne am\u00fbr\u00ean hilwe\u015fandin\u00ea \u00fb modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest a r\u00ea li ber w\u00ea vedike, n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek bi temam\u00ee ekoloj\u00eek e. \u00cendustriya ne ekoloj\u00eek, bi k\u00eaman\u00ee bi qas\u00ee kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea \u00fb netew-dewlet\u00ea am\u00fbr\u00ea hilwe\u015fandina civak\u00ea ye. H\u00eaman\u00ean modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek neteweya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb ekonomiya kominal ji bo b\u00eane bicihan\u00een, b\u00eaguman nikarin ji tekn\u00eek \u00fb \u00eendustiry\u00ea b\u00eapar bim\u00eenin. Berevaj\u00ee ev li ser modern\u00eetey\u00ea \u00fb h\u00eaman\u00ean w\u00ea ferz dike ku p\u00ea\u015fketina zanist \u00fb teknolojiy\u00ea di \u00eendustriy\u00ea de bi kar b\u00eenin. Maneya rast\u00ee ya \u00eendustriy\u00ea ji bo civak\u00ea di vir de derdikeve hol\u00ea. \u00cendustr\u00ee di nava yekpareb\u00fbn\u00ea de \u00e7iqas\u00ee bi k\u00eara civak\u00ea, xurtb\u00fbna w\u00ea ya exlaq\u00ee \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eek, p\u00ea\u015fketina w\u00ea ya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb ekonom\u00eek b\u00ea, ewqas\u00ee h\u00eaja ye. B\u00eaguman destn\u00ee\u015fankirina asta v\u00ea bik\u00earhatina \u00eendustriy\u00ea yek ji wez\u00eefeya sereke ya r\u00eaveberiya exlaq\u00ee \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eek e. Civak\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een her \u00e7iqas\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea \u00eendustriyal\u00eezma kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ve bi qas\u00ee welat\u00ean metropolan hilnewe\u015fiyabin j\u00ee ji ber xislet\u00ean hezar salan \u00ean xirakirin\u00ea y\u00ean s\u00eestema \u015faristaniya navend\u00ee \u00fb civaka neol\u00eet\u00eek\u00ea ya beriya w\u00ea, ji v\u00ee al\u00ee ve demeke dir\u00eaj bi hilwe\u015f\u00een\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb mane. Ji ber ku ji p\u00eanc hezar salan z\u00eadetir ji \u015faristaniya navend\u00ee re derg\u00fb\u015f\u00ee kiriye, hilwe\u015f\u00een gelek\u00ee di asta jor de p\u00eak hatiye. Li v\u00ea cografyay\u00ea gelek qad b\u00eadaristan hatin hi\u015ftin \u00fb ev gelek\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee berfireh hatiye me\u015fandin. Ev her\u00eama ku demek\u00ea buhi\u015fta nebat \u00fb heywanan b\u00fb, niha dibe cehennema wan. Her\u00eam di rew\u015feke wel\u00ea de ye ku her\u00ee z\u00eade p\u00eadiviya w\u00ea bi jiyana ekoloj\u00eek heye. \u00cendustriyeke bi temam\u00ee ekoloj\u00eek dikare her\u00eam\u00ea ji n\u00fb ve bigih\u00eene ew rew\u015fa w\u00ea ya berdar \u00fb bi bereket. Xisleteke wisa ya pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean civak\u00ee heye: Li k\u00eejan dever\u00ea pirsgir\u00eak giran b\u00fbbin, li wir riy\u00ean \u00e7areseriy\u00ea j\u00ee ewqas\u00ee gihi\u015ftine, stewiyane. Mirov nikare li pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean b\u00ea\u00e7areser\u00ee bifikire. \u015eert \u00fb merc\u00ean zeman \u00fb mekan \u00ean l\u00ea pirsgir\u00eak diberidin, \u015fert\u00ean \u00e7areseriy\u00ea j\u00ee bi xwe re hildigirin. M\u00eena li gelemperiya dinyay\u00ea, li Rojhilata Nav\u00een j\u00ee prens\u00eeba \u00e7areseriya ekoloj\u00eek, bi k\u00eaman\u00ee bi qas\u00ee \u015fore\u015f\u00ean siyas\u00ee gir\u00eengiya xwe ya \u00e7areseriy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye. Di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de j\u00ee \u00cesra\u00eel m\u00eenak\u00ean serket\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dike. Serdestiya xwe ya zanist\u00ee \u00fb teknoloj\u00eek di \u00eendustriya ekoloj\u00eek de bi kar t\u00eene \u00fb li \u00e7olan \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya jiyaneke cennetwar\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00eene. Li tevahiya welat\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea bi ekonomiya komun re \u00eendustriy\u00ean ekoloj\u00eek \u00ean werin bikaran\u00een, w\u00ea avab\u00fbna civak\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee azad, wekhev \u00fb karibe domdar bibe ji n\u00fb ve mumkin bike. Hemin p\u00eadiviya civak\u00ea bi van gelek\u00ee heye. Li \u015f\u00fbna \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm\u00ea xwe\u015fhaliya ekoloj\u00eek p\u00eadiviyeke rast\u00ee \u00fb li r\u00eaza p\u00ea\u015f e. Welat\u00ean Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea y\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fket\u00ee dema \u00eendustriya xwe ya ne ekoloj\u00eek dixwazin weke \u00eendustriya ekoloj\u00eek bidin r\u00fbni\u015ftandin, tekst\u00eel, otomob\u00eel \u00fb tur\u00eezma wan tedarik bikin hing\u00ea ew \u00ea van pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean civak\u00ee bi ten\u00ea giran bikin. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm bi v\u00ea riy\u00ea h\u00eaman\u00ean hilwe\u015f\u00een\u00ea y\u00ean mirovatiy\u00ea global\u00eeze dike. Binesaziya tekn\u00eek a modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek div\u00ea ekoloj\u00eek be. B\u00eay\u00ee \u00eenkara \u00eendustriyal\u00eezm \u00fb \u00eendustriy\u00ea, ekonomiyeke ekoloj\u00eek komunal a b\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015fxistin w\u00ea bibe h\u00eaza p\u00eakh\u00eaner a jiyana neteweya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek t\u00eak\u00fbz \u00fb yekpare dike. Kurdistan weke welatek\u00ee l\u00ea netew-dewletpar\u00eaz\u00ee \u00fb \u00eendustriyal\u00eezma kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea her\u00ee k\u00eam bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye, dikare v\u00ea rew\u015fa xwe ji bo avakirina ekonomiya ekoloj\u00eek \u00fb komunal bi awayek\u00ee her\u00ee ba\u015f binirx\u00eene. Di v\u00ee war\u00ee de rew\u015fa xwe ya pa\u015fvemay\u00ee dikare veguher\u00eene avantaj\u00ea. Bi tevah\u00ee girsey\u00ean mirovan, girsey\u00ean b\u00eakaran dikare di ekonomiya ekoloj\u00eek \u00fb komunal de bi r\u00eaxistin bike, welat\u00ea ber\u00ea cennet b\u00fb dikare li ser riya \u015faristaniya demokrat\u00eek weke neteweya demokrat\u00eek ji n\u00fb ve ava bike. Ji bo v\u00ea hema bi ten\u00ea r\u00fbmet \u00fb e\u015fqa ji bo jiyaneke li welat\u00ea azad \u00fb civaka demokrat\u00eek hebe bes e! (Pirsgir\u00eaka Kurd \u00fb \u00c7areseriya Neteweya Demokrat\u00eek, R\u00eaber Apo, We\u015fanxana \u015eil\u00ear, 2018, p:650-678)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  ABDULLAH\u00a0 OCALAN LI ROJHILATA NAV\u00ceN \u015eER\u00caN MODERN\u00ceTEY\u00ca \u00db ENCAM\u00caN MUHTEMEL Div\u00ea mirov li \u015fer\u00ean dused sal\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean li Rojhilata Nav\u00een rast serwext bibe. Beriya her ti\u015ft\u00ee div\u00ea mirov ji b\u00eer neke ku \u015fer\u00ea diqewime di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya hegemonya \u015faristaniy\u00ea de n\u00een e, di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya \u00e7and\u00ee de ye. \u015eer\u00ea daw\u00ee y\u00ea hegemonya \u015faristaniy\u00ea bi Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":970,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kovara-komunar","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/966","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=966"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/966\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1004,"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/966\/revisions\/1004"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/970"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=966"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=966"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdi.komunar.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}